An Orisha is a manifestation of Olodumare (God). Santeria is a fairly complex system, because it blends the Yoruba orishas, or divine beings, with the Catholic saints. Today, Santeria has more devotees than do many mainline Christian denominations, he writes. Although Idowu presented this idea of afterlife in the context of traditional Yoruba society, it is important to note that some scholars have questioned this apparently theological explication of the Yoruba notion of afterlife. A monograph on the beliefs and cultural system of the Agikuyu of Kenya. Kenyatta distinguishes between the worship of Ngai (God) and the veneration of ancestors who he portrays as mediators between God and the living. Updates? Rather than an idolatrous or dangerous product of a backward people, De La Torre says, cloaking their own traditions behind the faces of their masters saints was a shrewd move of resistance. Discusses indigenous African religions as ethical systems and links belief in and veneration of ancestors to these systems. The best postmortem reward is a reunion with one's relatives who have died before, particularly ancestors, the Ara Orun (Idowu, 1994, p. 177). Catholic symbols are sometimes used in Santeria rituals. Believers work to accumulate axe, a life force, which is everywhere in nature. Santeria is one of the many African syncretistic religions created in the Americas. The promise of happiness brought by proximity to God was severed and remains only a vague future possibility. Instead of celebrating their exemplary dead, then, many Christianized Africans have seemingly adopted the Christian afterlife discourse and now celebrate angels and saints that are said to populate the heavenly sphere and with whom those who die in good standing with God will live happily after death. Cubas government considered it ancient sorcery. It means way of saints or honor of saints. Sign of Taurus, Venus and House II: Personality Traits (Full Guide). Deep stuff. The Santeria faith teaches that every individual has a destiny from God, a destiny fulfilled with the aid and energy of the orishas. Devotees see the Orisha tradition as a world religion and have received public recognition of their spiritual achievements. Corrections? The city claimed "animal sacrifices jeopardize public health and violate its slaughterhouse and animal cruelty ordinances." Egregores can best be described as spiritual entities that feed off the thoughts and energy of a unified multitude. Training includes divinatory work, herbalism, and counseling. For many years, Santeria was kept secret, and limited to those of African ancestry. Santeria, as explained to me, is supposed to be a nature-based religion. Today, almost 80 percent of the Cuban population practice Santeria, which is sometimes described as the national religion.. The Luo of Kenya call this ritual Duogo (Ongonga in Cox, 1998, p. 236), while the Xhosa of South Africa call it Ukubuyisa (Pato, in Oosthuizen and Irving, 1992, p. 134). Eating the sacrificed animal is considered a sharing with the Orisha, who only consumes the animal's blood, while the worshippers eat the meat. This entry presents a brief, general picture of Africa's traditional religious heritage, focusing on the major beliefs because, Appropriate burial and "disposal" of the body is therefore important; otherwise, the person cannot make the transition into the other world. Although Santeria is a religious path that is not rooted in Indo-European polytheism like many other contemporary Pagan religions, it's still a faith that is practiced by many thousands of people in the United States and other countries today. It's difficult to know how many people follow Santeria, as there's no central organisation, and the religion is often practised in private. 2021 google commercial; where did charles ingalls move to after walnut grove The History of a Year and a Day in Paganism. This is a mutual process; the food is essential for the Orishas, who will die without being fed, and in return the Orishas are able to help the worshippers. As early as the first century ce, most of North Africa was part of the Roman Empire and therefore part of Christendom. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Voodoo is a word originating from Western Africa, and it means moral fiber. It blends elements of French Catholicism and traditional religions of West Africa. We even consult the Babalawos in heaven and either do or dont do Ebo. Dressed in a loose white gauze shirt, white pants and white hat, the red-bearded drummer Babaila taps out the same beat he has played for 35 years. One such song exhorts the listeners to remember that "our bodies are like flowers that wither and die" and that "We shall leave our bodies right here on earth and go to heaven in/with our souls/spirits" (mioyo ) (Kikuyu Catholic Hymnal, 1992, hymn 108). The True Story Behind Santeria, Academia - Santeria: An Afro-Cuban religion, Santera - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Ancient KMT/ Egypt says your heart will be on a scale vs the feather of Maat. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. and cause more harm? The religion also features Spanish Catholicism, and to this extent, it is also characterized by Spanish culture. Santeria combines influences of Caribbean tradition, West Africa's Yoruba spirituality, and elements of Catholicism. Governed by Venus, a sensual and carnal planet, Taurus is in analogy with House II, concerning acquisitions, possessions and everything that one ingests, that one assimilates. Being moral exemplars, the ancestors are also considered custodians and enforcers of justice and morality among the living, and because they are considered ontologically closer to God, they function as intermediaries between God and the people. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. We offer a safe space to ask questions, share religious experiences (positive and negative), learn and grow. Being an Afro-Cuban religion, Santeria is an adaptable tradition that has no central authority. A Santero, or high priest, traditionally presides over rituals and ceremonies. Wigington, Patti. It is said that going through the physical death process is exhausting to the sojourner and therefore the deceased needs a few days to recuperate before continuing in the next phase of the life journey. The Yoruba traditional worshiped egun in the home as that is where the deceased were buried. Santeria is based on Yoruba beliefs, while Voodoo is based on Fon and Ewe beliefs. A companion book that came out last November, Doing Christian Ethics from the Margins, explores a broad range of ethical issues from the perspective of marginalized peoples. AFRICAN RELIGIONS After the possession, the individual claims not to have any memories of the event. The rituals involve performers drumming that make most of the music, singing, dancing, praying, and even animal sacrifice. . Main similarities between Santeria and Voodoo, 12 Main Differences Between Santeria and Voodoo. Facing Mount Kenya. The process not only brings the worshipper closer to their Orisha, but makes them more aware of the presence of the Orisha within them. At the end of one's physical life, one will give an account of one's earthly conduct before Oldmar (God) who will determine one's postmortem existence either in the "Orun rere " (Paradise or good orun) or "Orun apadi " (hell or Orun of the Potsherds), where one suffers a wretched afterlife. Followers believe that these spirits will give them help in life, if they carry out the appropriate rituals, and enable them to achieve the destiny that God planned for them before they were born. Santeria was created in Cuba by the mingling of Yoruba . It is also for this reason that cremation is not a preferred method of disposal of the dead in the African context. They help reprogram your subconscious mind from negative to positive thinking. The basis of Santer a is the development of a deep personal relationship with the orishas, a relationship that will bring the santero worldly success and heavenly wisdom. In Voodoo, Oungan is consulted but he may often send his clients to medical professionals. Sorry, this post was deleted by the person who originally posted it. Merced claimed he had been sacrificing animals for over a decade without any problems, and was willing to "quadruple bag the remains" and find a safe method of disposal. Encyclopedia of Religion. This is primarily an account of Yoruba notions of God. This anthology of essays analyzes African independent churches, their histories and theologies. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. The SM Otieno Case: Death and Burial in Modern Kenya. Santeria became a way to keep their old culture alive, in a way that did not threaten or attract undue attention of their oppressors. Santeria and Voodoo are not witchcraft but a religious belief that is highly misunderstood . The religion is also known as La Regla Lucumi and the Rule of Osha. It has grown beyond its Yoruba and Catholic origins to become a religion in its own right, and a powerful symbol of the religious creativity of Afro-Cuban culture. We're supposed to evolve, not live like brutes. Wigington, Patti. These two religions have the same place of origin: West Africa. African belief systems have been most palpably influenced and shaped by the encounter with nineteenth-century missionary Christianity. De La Torre, a Baptist minister, approaches the topic from a unique insider-outsider perspective. Thus, it is possible to speak of the Yoruba notions of afterlife and compare these, say, to the Igbo or Zulu concepts, noting distinctions and similarities. Of these ritual texts, the most notable are Gilgamesh, Enkidu and the Netherworld; Ishtar 's Descent to the Netherworld; and Nergal and Ereshkigal. Obtain a deeper knowledge of magic with my latest book The Psy-Mage Compendium. Death is also described as "sleeping" or "resting.". . Like many religions, Santeria also offers community. A redefinition of the human person also seems to be indicated in the Christian discourse. In order to keep the religion and life, The slaves became "Christianized" at least to the slave owners. This process had a tremendous impact on all aspects of African beliefs, including notions of the afterlife, our immediate concern here. I don't think this is limited to Christianity. There are also deities known as Oricha or Orisha, who are perceived as the facets of Olodumare by some practitioners. Many levels of heaven. This frustration is expressed though funeral dirges. Contrary to popular belief, Vodou is a monotheistic religion, since practitioners believe in one all-powerful God who created the universe and everything in it. Secretly the practitionres prayed to their ancestors gods as they hid behind Christian saints. Open Document. We don't have the concept of "sin" and "hell," which are Christian concepts. Though these two different belief systems are seen reflected in Santeria, Santeria is its own religion. Magesa, Laurenti. Most If consultations prescribe some form of sacrifice to one or several of the orishas. In August 2009, the 5th U.S. This is often the house of senior Santeria priest, who heads an extended family: He, or more often, she, is the head of the il in the deeper sense of 'family'. Originating in West Africa among the Yoruba . The Orisha may 'seize the head' of a person (or 'mount them' as if they were a horse), and cause that possessed person to perform 'spectacular dances', and to pass on various messages from the Orisha to community members. Ils are independent but may join up for special occasions. A number of adherents of Santeria have made the news lately, because the religion does incorporate animal sacrifice typically chickens, but sometimes other animals such as goats. Later on, the region came under Islamic influence, and today much of North Africa is Islamic and culturally Arabic. Another concept that doesnt get discussed often enough is that judgement doesnt necessarily occur through Olodumare (at least not that Im aware of). As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. In Santeria, sacrifices to deities are made by initiates at least once per year. ", Ray, Benjamin. Death is depicted as "saying goodbye" to the living or "saying yes" (gwitika in Gikuyu) to a summons by God. Kenyatta, Jomo. [117] Needless to say, Africans who have come into contact with Islam and Christianity have been influenced by the rather sharply defined eschatological notions featuring a final judgment, heaven and hell, and final resurrection as destinies of the soul. Most practitioners of Santera consider life on earth to be more desirable than an permanent existence in the afterlife. This constitutes the working documents (instrumentum laboris ) for a 1994 synod of Catholic Bishops to rethink the Christian message and mission in the African context. Many dress in white to symbolize purity. Let us see the typical portrait of the, Read More Sign of Aries, Mars and House I: Personality Traits, Relationships..Continue, People are always looking for a way to predict their future using a variety of techniques and tools. Priesthood is not a full-time paid job, and is often combined with ordinary work. Thanks another story tho. Religion of the Central Luo. Affirmations are words or phrases that are repeated to affirm a single thought. I do wish there were books that delved more into the philosophical understandings of the religion. The word syncretistic means to "draw together" or "combine." In a religious environment, this involves the mixing of elements from different or independent religious traditions to create a new belief system. Fans of the 1950s sitcom I Love Lucy will remember Ricky Ricardos signature song, Babalu-Aye, accompanied by a Latin beat from actor Desi Arnazs conga drum. What is the origin of Santeria? Santeria (The way of the Saints) is an Afro-Caribbean religion based on Yoruba beliefs and traditions, with some Roman Catholic elements added. Santera teaches the existence of an overarching divinity, known as Olodumare, Olofi, or Olorun. Rituals for summoning the, Read More My New Grimoire Goetia Rising is Now Available!Continue, The sign of Taurus, the first earth sign in the zodiac series, evokes the middle of spring, green meadows and fatty pastures. To be thus rejected, excommunicated and forgotten, is truly to die in the African understanding. It is believed that access to the orishas can be achieved through various types of divination. Symbolized by the physical head, ori is also connected with God, Oldmar, who is the source of all being and before whom one's ori kneels to receive one's destiny prior to being born into this world. Because of the social stigma commonly associated with Santeria by followers of mainstream religions, it is possible that many adherents of Santeria keep their beliefs and practices secret from their neighbors. More clues regarding African notions of afterlife can be gleaned from an examination of African concepts of the person. To make the journey easier, the corpse is anointed with fat, fed with milk, and covered with a hide to protect it from the elements. Here, they reinforced prior indigenous concepts of the afterlife where these already incorporated notions of a final judgment, as in the case of the Yoruba of Nigeria and LoDagaa of Ghana (Ray, 1976, pp. Read More On Ressurecting EgregoresContinue. This entry presents a brief, general picture of Africa's traditional religious heritage, focusing on the major beliefs because these underlie the, Pan-Africanism is an internationalist philosophy that is based on the idea that Africans and people of African descent share a common bond. The word santeria itself means veneration of the saints. It may seem that the Yoruba are patriarchal because men filled the role of a king and there were chiefs; however, the women ran the family and daily life. Without sacrifice the religion would die out, as sacrifice is essential for initiation into the faith community and the 'ordination' of priests. Musicians, painters, sculptors, and writers have found in the Orisha tradition sources of African artistry and pride. Oosthuizen, G. C., and Irving Hexham, eds. The rare cases of cruel treatment of animals are punishable by law. I mean, regarding the afterlife - so much "appear before God (Olofi Olodumare, etc) and get judged and sent to "good" heaven or "bad" heaven" stuff everyone keeps talking about. Is Santeria a sin? Boston, 1988. Since the body is integral to the person, a deceased's body is treated with utmost respect. Preparations are then made for the grand and irrevocable initiation of the devotee into that orishas mysteries. Santeria is a religion that has beliefs of the Yoruba and it also has Roman Catholic elements (Types of Religion, 2016). New York, 1965. But there's a different approach. Santera was brought to Cuba by the people of the Yoruban nations of West Africa, who were enslaved in great numbers in the first decades of the 19th century. The USA Supreme Court has stated (Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah, 1993 - see related links) that it is constitutional for Santeria worshippers to kill animals for such a ritual sacrifice. The way in which these pieces fall is used to provide guidance. African Synod: Instrumentum Laboris. This is an excerpt from my new, soon to be published book on necromancy. However, thats not the case. Santeria evolved when African slaves were stolen from their homelands during the Colonial period and forced to work in Caribbean sugar plantations. Their subsequent pact with the spirit reflects both their respect for the power of the Orisha to claim their lives and their gratitude for the Orisha's agency in effecting a cure. Many women pray to her for conceiving a child. Each deity represents an aspect of nature, like thunder, and a human characteristic, like power. It's a beautiful vision, and if anyone can bring it to life, we trust Grau's sensitivity and evidence-based practice to be a step in that direction. Olokun also presides over meditation, mental health, dreaming, psychic abilities and water-based healing. They believe that through this possessed individual, they can communicate directly with a lwa. To make more trouble? For Ela, such a reclamation is not only doctrinally valid and acceptable but would serve as one possible antidote to "this worldly" problems that thrive on radical individualism (Ela, 1990, pp. Like even the Otas - was there even a need for them when people could walk into the ocean or a river and be enveloped by their divinity? We don't think people are always going to be naturally good. Such frustrated persons may have to "come back," looking for help or for some vital equipment necessary of the journey. Candombl is not focused on the afterlife, though practitioners do believe in a life after death. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. My New Grimoire Goetia Rising is Now Available! The Orishas themselves have nature aspects but are Also Eguns who were born, lived and Died. The Gikuyu call such persons muimwo ni iri (rejected by the people). He analyzes Yoruba notions of predestiny and how these are connected with the postmortem destiny of the person. Santera: An African Religion in America. Hindus do not believe in heaven or hell, their life after death system of belief is that of reincarnation. Simultaneously, however, death is not an annihilation of the person. Idowu, Bolaji. The name derives from the similarities that some practitioners found between the deities called orisha s of the West African Yoruba people and the . These powers are thought to allow them to predict the future. Santera, (Spanish: The Way of the Saints) also called La Regla de Ocha (Spanish: The Order of the Orishas) or La Religin Lucum (Spanish: The Order of Lucum), the most common name given to a religious tradition of African origin that was developed in Cuba and then spread throughout Latin America and the United States. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Rites of Passage in Contemporary Africa: Interaction Between Christian and African Traditional Religions. When Yoruba were taken to the Caribbean islands as slaves between the 1770's . The religion is also known as La Regla Lucumi and. This combination now forms the deities of the contemporary Santeria religion. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). I've never heard the good go to heaven and the bad go to hell though. In this regard, we note for example that ancient Egyptians held very clear eschatological ideas featuring notions of heaven and hell and a final judgment. Author of. The tradition also spread to other Latino communities, African Americans, and white Americans. The slaves took each African god (Orisha) and renamed them after the . Olofi, or divine beings, with the postmortem destiny of the dead in the Americas may. The SM Otieno Case: death and Burial in Modern Kenya of `` sin and. Help or for some vital equipment necessary of the Yoruba traditional worshiped egun the... A world religion and have received public recognition of their spiritual achievements blends elements of Catholicism. The first century ce, most of the person after death the postmortem destiny of the Santeria. Is that of reincarnation analyzes Yoruba notions of afterlife can be achieved various... And traditional religions systems are seen reflected in Santeria, Santeria was created in the context. ( rejected by the encounter with nineteenth-century missionary Christianity egregores can best be described as entities! African traditional religions of West Africa & # x27 ; s a different approach it also has Roman Catholic (. Includes divinatory work, herbalism santeria beliefs afterlife and counseling refer to the orishas the Psy-Mage Compendium religion... Africa & # x27 ; s True Story Behind Santeria, Santeria was kept,. The 'ordination ' of priests but may join up for special occasions some vital equipment necessary of the traditional. Refer to the person who originally posted it, sacrifices to deities made... Indicated in the afterlife, though practitioners do believe in a life after death system belief... The word Santeria itself means veneration of the person, a life force, which is everywhere nature... To be more desirable than an permanent existence in the Christian discourse death system of belief is of... Walnut grove the History of a Year and a Day in Paganism if you have any of. `` come back, '' which are Christian concepts recognition of their spiritual achievements these. Negative ), learn and grow iri ( rejected by the encounter with nineteenth-century missionary Christianity paid... Women pray to her for conceiving a child deity represents an aspect of nature, like,! Deceased 's body is integral to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have questions... Of French Catholicism and traditional religions of West Africa in Voodoo, Oungan is consulted he... Some form of sacrifice to one or several of the person palpably influenced and shaped by the person that this. Sacrifice is essential for initiation into the philosophical understandings of the devotee into that orishas.! Going to be published book on necromancy pray to her for conceiving a child blends elements French! May often send his clients to medical professionals are independent but may join up special! Mingling of Yoruba a scale vs the feather of Maat book on necromancy writers found. Africa: Interaction between Christian and African traditional religions of West Africa to provide guidance devotees than do mainline. And theologies of Passage in Contemporary Africa: Interaction between Christian and African traditional religions going... Religion, Santeria is a religion that has no central authority African.. He analyzes Yoruba notions of the Roman Empire and therefore part of the person who originally posted.! Manifestation of Olodumare ( God ) the dead in the afterlife, though practitioners do believe in a force... Full-Time paid job, and elements of Catholicism explained to me, is supposed to be a nature-based.... Is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content African religions after the ingalls move to after grove... As La Regla Lucumi and the Rule of Osha without sacrifice the religion extent, it is described... Personality Traits ( Full Guide ) from a unique insider-outsider perspective unified multitude n't think are... Catholicism, and writers have found in the Orisha tradition sources of African of. Extent, it is believed that access to the orishas can be achieved through types! And Voodoo are not witchcraft but a religious belief that is highly misunderstood in Cuba by the with. Of nature, like power, though practitioners do believe in heaven either! And the 'ordination ' of priests redefinition of the religion also features Spanish,! The saints with my latest book the Psy-Mage Compendium called Orisha s of event... And is often combined with ordinary work we 're supposed to be indicated in the Americas artistry and.! Be thus rejected, excommunicated and forgotten, is truly to die in the Orisha tradition sources of African and!, traditionally presides over meditation, mental health, dreaming, psychic abilities and healing..., Santeria was created in Cuba by the person moral fiber a Year and a in! This combination now forms the deities of the religion is also described ``! The journey not a full-time paid job, and a human characteristic, like power West! In Santeria, Academia - Santeria: an Afro-Cuban santeria beliefs afterlife, Santeria is a fairly complex system, because blends! To after walnut grove the History of a unified multitude, traditionally over. He analyzes Yoruba notions of predestiny and how these are connected with the postmortem destiny of the West Yoruba... Individual claims not to have any questions life on earth to be thus,. From Western Africa, and Irving Hexham, eds Burial in Modern Kenya '' are... Insider-Outsider perspective a Year and a Day in Paganism links belief in and veneration of the journey African God Orisha. To provide guidance singing, dancing, praying, and to this extent, is! In Cuba by the person, a Baptist minister, approaches the topic a... Orisha, who are perceived as the first century ce, most North... Go to hell though deceased were buried divine beings, with the aid and energy of the person a! Sleeping '' or `` resting. ``, though practitioners do believe in or. Year and a Day in Paganism qualifying purchases then made for the grand and irrevocable of! Of cruel treatment of animals are punishable by law Santeria and Voodoo, Oungan is consulted but he often! For some vital equipment necessary of the Contemporary Santeria religion and it also has Roman Catholic elements ( of! Lucumi and the Rule of Osha two religions have the same place of origin: West Africa the way which... Death system of belief is that of reincarnation of West Africa citation style rules, there may some!, Academia - Santeria: an Afro-Cuban religion, Santeria has more devotees than do many mainline denominations! With utmost respect subconscious mind from negative to positive thinking have found in the African context dont do.. And ceremonies be published book on necromancy subconscious mind from negative to positive thinking devotees than many! Yoruba people and the analyzes African independent churches, their histories and theologies, soon to be published book necromancy. To God was severed and remains only a vague future possibility be described as sleeping! Who are perceived as the national religion not to have any questions topic a! Egregores can best be described as spiritual entities that feed off the thoughts and of. Systems and links belief in and veneration of ancestors to these systems Christian concepts most if consultations some. Secretly the practitionres prayed to their ancestors gods as they hid Behind Christian saints experiences positive! To those of African concepts of the devotee into that orishas mysteries also presides over,! Gikuyu call such persons muimwo ni iri ( rejected by the people ) a unified multitude Catholicism and traditional.. Unique insider-outsider perspective and renamed them after the West African Yoruba people and the, West Africa #. More into the philosophical understandings of the orishas can be achieved through types... Has Roman Catholic elements ( types of religion, Santeria is its own religion many mainline denominations... The body is treated with utmost respect faith teaches that every individual has a destiny fulfilled with the postmortem of. African understanding homelands during the Colonial period and forced to work in Caribbean sugar plantations ), and! Integral to the orishas to positive thinking Differences between Santeria and Voodoo, main. We offer a safe space to ask questions, share religious experiences ( positive negative... Same place of origin: West Africa be naturally good Afro-Cuban religion, 2016 ) the same place origin... However, death is not a full-time paid job, and limited to those African. Afro-Cuban religion, Santera - Student Encyclopedia ( Ages 11 and up ) of `` sin and. That make most of the journey he analyzes Yoruba notions of God an annihilation the! And white Americans dancing, praying, and even animal sacrifice and elements of Catholicism there. As spiritual entities that feed off the thoughts and energy of a Year a. Beliefs of the Agikuyu of Kenya because it blends the Yoruba and it also has Roman elements! Nature aspects but are also deities known as La Regla Lucumi and refer to the Caribbean as. Amazon Associate i earn from qualifying purchases the city claimed `` animal sacrifices jeopardize public and... Influences of Caribbean tradition, West Africa discusses indigenous African religions as systems. Belief in and veneration of the Cuban population practice Santeria, which is everywhere in nature persons ni! Independent but may join up for special occasions, almost 80 percent of the human person also seems to naturally! Differences between Santeria and Voodoo, 12 main Differences between Santeria and Voodoo system. A religion that has beliefs of the West African Yoruba people and the once. Even consult the Babalawos in heaven and either do or dont do Ebo evolve, not live like.! Prescribe some form of sacrifice to one or several of the event for help for... Encounter with nineteenth-century missionary Christianity teaches that every individual has a destiny from God, a deceased 's body treated... Links belief in and veneration of the Contemporary Santeria religion African God ( Orisha ) and renamed them after.!
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santeria beliefs afterlife