The most famous minutemen were those who figured in the battles at Lexington and Concord, though minutemen militias were organized in other New England colonies as well. Fact #10: The fighting on April 19, 1775, is one of the best documented battles of the American Revolution. It would be remarkable for a commissioned officer to re-enlist as a privte, but some Oliver Dow served 21 days in the RI campaign, Capt. As events around Boston became more tense, many communities in Massachusetts began to create more elite companies of minutemen. John Bakers co., Col. Moses Littles (17th) regt. George Washington saw the Continental Army as the best way to mold a new nation. Moses Knapps company, Col. Joseph Reads regiment; company return dated Roxbury, Sept. 25, 1775; also, order for bounty coat dated Camp at Roxbury, Nov. 21, 1775; also, Corporal, Capt. The British were forced to abandon ship. With Steubens effort and Washingtons determination to create a professional army, Continental soldiers proved to be quite effective and regularly stood up to the British army as the war progressed. He was engaged as a teamster in the Revolutionary War under the direction ofCommissaryGeneral Jeremiah Wadsworth. In Massachusetts, Middlesex county had provided two while most had provided one (except Worcester which had provided three. Militias mostly trained on a seasonal basis, but minutemen companies were established to provide more regular training (sometimes weekly) of the best men in the militia. Elizabeth (Pierce) Wyman, wife of Amos, is said to have fed her visitors boiled potatoes, pork and bread instead of the salmon which her guests had planned to eat at the Lexington parsonage, and Hancock is reported to have sent a cow to his hostess at a later date in appreciation of her hospitality. For example, Captain Isaac Davis who was a gunsmith in his civilian occupation built a firing range on his farm to train his men in firing and drill. A month later, he was commissioned Captain, the commission to Reuben Dow, gentleman, signed by Gen Joseph Warren, president pro tem of the Mass Provincial Congress. They arrived too late for the fighting so they hurried toward Cambridge, camping overnight at Lexington. Thayers co., Col. John Fellowss regt. Congress expected states to furnish levies as well to supplement the Continental ranks. Four men and one woman made late night rides, alerting the early Americans of what dangers lay ahead. The expedition took heavy losses: two towns were raided, and one 80-man company was killed entirely, including their commander. Stephen Richardsons 4th (2d Attleborough, also given Attleborough No. The outnumbered regulars fell back from theminutemenafter apitched battlein open territory. They found that, "including the sick and absent, it amounted to about 17,000 men, far short of the number wanted, that the council recommended an immediate application to the New England governments to make up the deficiency", resolving to re-organize and increase the size of the militia:[6], As per the section below, the Massachusetts legislature was stymied by Governor Hutchinson from passing a bill so resisting legislators (Samuel Adams being among the leaders) set up Committees of Correspondence (in parallel with their comrades in Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island) that recommended to the militia to increase in size, reorganize, and form special companies of minutemen, who should be equipped and prepared to march at the shortest notice. Most of the Regiment including Gerrishs Company crossed the Charlestown Neck under the fire of British ships on marched into the entrenchments on Bunker Hill. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! It stands at the southeast corner of the Lexington Battle Green, facing the route of the British advance. Asa Lawrence and Henry Farwell were elected to lead the two companies of about fifty men each. William Perleys Company of Minutemen, Col. James Fryes Regiment, (10th Massachusetts Regiment), which was in service seven days at the time of the Lexington Alarm, 19 Apr. The Minuteman Project is a 2004 organization that opposes Mexican immigration to US. (LogOut/ Gross, R. (1976). One source cites Frye as being sick at the beginning of the battle and not with the men, another has him wounded during the battle.. Francis RICHARDSONs grandsonSamuel Tiffany (1739 Attleboro, Bristol, Mass 1781). Observances and re-enactments of these first battles of the American Revolution occur annually at Lexington Green inLexington, (around 6:00 am) and The Old North Bridge inConcord(around 9:00 am). They were planning on marching only to Concord, but since they had met up with patriots ready to fight in Lexington, battle resulted. Stephen Richardsons 4th (2d Attleborough) co., Col. Daggetts regt. Today, a US flag flies from the location now known as the muster field.. Militia On October 10, 2016 By Rob Orrison In Battlefields & Historic Places, Battles, Campaigns, Common Soldier, Militia (Patriot) Leadership, Minute Men, Monuments, National Park Service, Revolutionary War Monument to the "Lexington Minute Men" James Joness co., Gen. Jacksons regt. William Clark V. was commissioned ensign of the 6th Regiment of the Connecticut Colony in 1772. Seth RICHARSON II(1755 Attleboro 1824 Attleboro). Samuel Baldwins co., Col. Dikes regt. Someone suddenly fired a shotit's uncertain which sideand a melee . The British soldiers, probably without orders, then opened fire on the Americans. Moses Knaps Attleboro co., Col. Joseph Reads regt. According to many, there was a shot heard round the world that signified the beginning of the Revolutionary War. ; pay abstracts for Jan.-May, 1776;also, pay abstract for June, 1776, dated New York; Also, account of guns returned by persons in the 26th regt. These accounts after Lexington and Concord from both sides gives historians agreat insight into the events of April 19, 1775, in an otherwise under documented period of history. Two thousand militiamen marched to intimidate the judges and get them to leave. Joseph Franklins 10th (Rehoboth) co., Col. Thomas Carpenters (1st Bristol Co.) regt. Balcom,Elijah, Douglas.Private, Capt. Prescotts men continued their digging in spite of this bombardment, suffering several casualties, including Lieutenant Joseph Spaulding of Asa Lawrences company, who was decapitated by a cannon ball as he stood next to Colonel William Prescott. Samuel Blisss co. of Minute-men, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775; service to April 27, 1775, 1 week 1 day. The rebellions ringleaderswith the exception ofPaul RevereandJoseph Warrenhad all left Boston by April 8. Nathan Watkins Company of minute men which which marched Apr 22 1775, in response to the alarm of Apr 19 1775 He was also in Capt. This was seen at the Battles of Hubbardton and Bennington in the north and at Camden and Cowpens in the south. The bell at the North Parish Meeting House was rung to sound the alarm. His body was stripped of clothing and he was bayoneted until unrecognizable, and then shoved into a shallow ditch. Samuel Wrights Company, which marched from Winchester to join Starks command at Bennington and Stillwater; the pay-roll of 23 Feb 1778 reported to the town meeting reads: Edward Hazen, 12 days to Cambridge, 12 days to Otter Creek, and two months by his son: 6.19.2 pounds., Samuel DANFORTHs son Lt. Joseph Danforth (1738 Newbury 1807). Line of the Minutemen April 19, 1775 "Stand your ground. was a Physician, Revolutionary War veteran. ; company return dated Roxbury, Sept. 25, 1775;also, Lieutenant; list of men in Capt. Americas first true military hospital constructed for that purpose was built at Yellow Springs, a popular health spa about 10 miles west of Valley Forge. This was one of the reasons that his company was in the lead of Colonel Barrett's Middlesex Minutemen regiment as the Rebels marched down to face the regulars at the Old North Bridge at the Battle of Concord. Colonial leaders were experts inpublic relationsand knew that they needed to control the narrative of the events in Lexington and Concord if they were to succeed in arevolution. The night after the battle, she filled a pillow case with provisions (mostly doughnuts made by herself) and placed it on Titus back and went with him to Winter Hill to which point most of the continental troops had retreated. The main action during the siege, the Battle of Bunker Hill on June 17, 1775, was one of the bloodiest encounters of the entire war. When performing as skirmishers, the militia could fire and fall back behind cover or behind other troops, before the British could get into range. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Thomas SKINNERsgrandsonBenjamin Capron (1752 Attleboro 1815 Attleboro )was a Private, in Capt. ;also, order for bounty coat or its equivalent in money dated in camp Dec. 11, 1775; Also, Capt. Nathaniel PEASEssonWilliam Pease (1741 Enfield, CT 1787New Hartford, CT). Early that morning, minute men and redcoats will clash on the Lexington town green, re-creating the famous events of April 19, 1775. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. He was in the Battle of Bunker Hill. Roll sworn to at Rehoboth. Fact #3:More than Paul Revere, dozens of colonial riders rodeout on April 18-19, 1775. The concept was particularly important in relation to the promotion of commissioned officers. Joshua marched for the relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm, April 1775 and was on the roll of Captain Eliphalet Holmes Company of Minute-Men which was raised in May 1776. They disobeyed their orders by marching past Bunker Hill to Breeds Hill, where they worked quietly through the night without being detected. When the French and Indians raided Massachusetts in 1702, Governor Phips created a bounty which paid 10 shillings each for the scalps of Indians. Stephen Richardson was one. More men were lost from Groton than from any other town, a total of twelve, including six of Asas men who were killed outright and a number of others wounded. He was a Lieutenant in the Rev. April 15, 2023 Tower Park Battle Reenactment, Lexington, MA - 3pm gather Monroe Tavern, 4pm battle at Tower Park April 16, 2023 Paul Revere's Ride - Hancock Clark House, Lexington MA April 17, 2023 PATRIOTS' DAY Contact the Adjutant for more details or to hire the Minute Men for your venue or event. 12 Attleborough who hired for the Grand Campaign of all for 3 years or during the war; said Richardson, with others, hired Samuel Bentley. Thomas COLEMANsgrandsonDr. Isaac Spofford (1752 Rowley 1786Beverly, Mass.) The Sons of Liberty in Boston believed when British General, The Lexington militiamen that filed onto the Lexington Green the morning of April 19, 1775, were there as a show of force, to remind British authorities that the colonists were armed and ready to defend themselves. The term Massachusetts Line referred to the quota of numbered infantry regiments assigned to Massachusetts at various times by theContinental Congress. One of his six companies was under the command of our relative, Capt. William CLARK Jrs grandson-in-lawPelatiah Holbrook (1743 in Lebanon, CT d 1798 Poultney, Vermont) Pelatiah was a prince against whom Ezekiel prophesied, and who fell dead at the close of the prophecy Eze 11:1-13 (no wonder this wasnt a popular baby name choice). A colorful, story-telling overview of the American Revolutionary War, Paul Reveresride preceded the Battle of Lexington. Jacobs brother Simon was wounded in the thigh at theBattle of White Plainson Oct 28, 1776. Minutemen. On September 7, 1643, the towns were given more tactical control. Jonathan WILMARTHs grandson John Dryer (1725 Rehoboth 1787 Rehoboth). Reuben Dow (1729 Salem NH 1811 Hollis, NH). Today the United States Army traces its roots back to the creation of the Continental Army on June 14, 1775, but its traditions go even further back to locally raised militias and the common citizen soldier. Seth Richardson Roxbury Campaignn Source: A sketch of the history of Attleborough: from its settlement to the division By John Daggett 1894. This brought many more citizens to Samuel Adams's side, and he pressed the Committees of Correspondence to hold County Conventions to revamp the militia. Since Putnam and Prescott were more experienced with war he declined command. Minute Men and militias rushed to confront them early on April 19. In 1777, a committee was formed to look after the soldiers families if need be. This regiment reach ed Cambridge the morning of battle ofBunker Hill17 Jun 1775 and although not yet mustered into service, it volunteered to go into action. Six of Thomas COLEMANs grandsons marched on the alarm of April 19. Swifts co., Col Freemans regiment. From the beginning of European colonialization of North America, communities along the Atlantic seaboard required able body males to participate in the defense of their towns and colonies. When the British troops entered Lexington on the morning of April 19, they found about 80 minutemen formed up on the village common. Livelyopened fire, temporarily halting the colonists work. The works on Breeds Hill did not go unnoticed by the British. The image shows left to right: Madam Abigail Jones, Rev. The Lexington Minuteman is a life-size bronze figure of a colonial farmer with musket by Boston sculptor Henry H. Kitson. All content is created by the Trust without editorial influence. Some also expended time, money, and effort to make sure their Minutemen were well-armed. Paul Revere and the sons of liberty warned the minutemen that the British would be coming by seathough this was literally by water, meaning they were crossing the Charleston riverseeking to crush patriot resistance before it started. 1 day. He was seven years m the Revolution and was in the Battle of Bunker Hill ; during the time from 1776-1782 his name occurs with frequency on the Revolutionary rolls. Family legend says Joseph, 9 yrs old, was awakened the night before by the sound of his father and other men running bullets and making cartridges for use in the anticipated battle., Several of Isaac ESTEYs grandsons marched on the alarm April 19 from Topsfield. Warren was known to have repeatedly declared of the British: These fellows say we wont fight! By noon the next day, almost 4,000 people were on the common in Cambridge. Henry Haskells Co., Col. Prescotts Regt., mileage to and from headquarters, seventy miles; also Fifer, Capt. Just prior to the action, further reinforcements arrived, including portions of Massachusetts regiments of Colonels Brewer,Nixon,Woodbridge,Little, and Major Moore, as well as Callenders company of artillery. 6 Sep 1778 Also, Capt. This included the 27 provincial regiments of 1775, the 16 numbered Continental regiments of 1776, the 15 Massachusetts regiments of 1777, and Jacksons Additional Continental Regiment, which later became the 16th Massachusetts Regiment. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. D. Williams Patterson said he was a sergeant in the Revolutionary Army.. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson Edward Hazen (1738 Groton 1796 Little Falls, Herkimer, NY). Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson Benjamin Hazen (1745 in Groton, Mass 1807 Groton, Mass. These, together with similar contingents from the other twelve states, formed the Continental Line. They were known for being ready at a minute's notice, hence the name. Baloom,Elijah.Private, Capt. The town then adopted a resolution that we will at all times endeavor to maintain our liberty and priviledges both civil and sacred, even at the risque of our lives and fortunes, etc.. Brown quotes Continental Army soldier Benjamin Thompson, who expressed the "common sentiment" at the time, which was that minutemen were notoriously poor marksmen with rifles: "Instead of being the best marksmen in the world and picking off every Regular that was to be seen, the continual firing which they kept up by the week and the month has had no other effect than to waste their ammunition and convince the King's troops that they are really not really so formidable. Hutchinson, the Royal Governor, had ignored him, but as tensions mounted, that tactic became less effective. In 1775 Johns house was owned by Amos Wyman. Its about 5 miles between the two houses. She was born in New Jersey and it is rumored that she was a good friend of Joseph Warren, one of the patriot leaders. 19 Apr 1775 Wing, David, Sandwich. In 1777 he was first lieutenant in Capt Joseph Entons company, Colonel Samuel Johnsons regiment Aug 5 1777 to Dec 12 1777. Forup led the Minutemen with 15 points, nine rebounds . The house stood on the corner of what is now Lexington St. and Independence Dr. and was known as the Sewall house; the house was destroyed by fire April 23, 1897. The alarm that was raised on the evening of April 18, 1775, that British troops were marching on Concord reached Pepperell about 10 a.m. on April 19. Aaron Jewetts Co., Col. Samuel Bullards Regiment, enlisted 15 Aug. 1777, discharged 29 Nov. 1777; this company marched to Saratoga. 14 Apr 1775 General Thomas Gage,received instructions fromSecretary of StateWilliam Legge, Earl of Dartmouth, to disarm the rebels, who were known to have hidden weapons in Concord, among other locations, and to imprison the rebellions leaders, especiallySamuel AdamsandJohn Hancock. Prescott owned land in Hollis and knew most of the men very well, so it must have seemed a natural choice for them to fall under his command, rather than one of the unknown Colonels from New Hampshire. Colonel Prescott was of the opinion that the third assault would have been repulsed, had his forces in the redoubt been reinforced with either more men, or more supplies of ammunition and powder. Neither Captain Parker nor Major Pitcairn had intended to fire. Queen Anne's War broke out in 1689, and militiamen throughout the Thirteen Colonies began to muster in preparation for the fighting. Hancock and Adams stopped at the AMOS WYMAN house not Francis Wyman. while at Trenton Dec. 31, 1776, and Jan. 1, 1777; Also, Capt. On the night of June 16, Prescott led 1,200 men over the Charlestown Neck, and constructed fortifications on Bunker Hill and Breeds Hill. David was an innkeeper, and a welltodo merchant in Hebron, but lost his fortune in the Revolution, when he held a wealth of continental currency, which became worthless. The inspiration for their namesake comes from the requirement to be ready "at a minute's notice" to defend any settlement in danger.[25]. Next year he was elected captain of the Salem, NH company organized by his father Richard Dow Sr. and was attached to Col. Nathan Hales regiment. In addition, many British commanders learned from experience and effectively modified their light infantry tactics and battle dress to suit conditions in North America. He was also in Capt. The next entry states "January 20th 1775 this was the first time that the minute men meet"; the names of volunteers who failed to report are carefully recorded. Congress continued to revise and reorganize the Continental Army. Zachariah Fitchs Co., Col. Samuel Brewers Regt., service 23 Aug. to 30 Sept 1776. Private in Capt. In response to these tensions, the Massachusetts Provincial legislators found that the colony's militia resources were short just before the American Revolutionary War, on October 26, 1774, after observing the British military buildup. The alarm spread quickly to the surrounding countryside, and by late morning the two Pepperell minuteman companies were marching toward Concord, some fifteen miles away. Robert CROSS grandson Nathaniel Cross (1747 Ipswich, Essex, Mass 1800 Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire) Private, Capt. Thomas Mighills co., Col. Loammi Baldwins (26th) regt. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote of one of the many events that led to the American Revolution. Also on the alarm caused by the Battle of Bunker Hill (company order of the Town Treasurer of Attleboro July 5, 1775. They stopped just over the Lexington-Burlington line at Capt. TheBattles of Lexington and Concordwere the first military engagements of theAmerican Revolutionary War. One of the factions in Bethesda's 2015 video game Fallout 4, which is set in Massachusetts, is called the "Commonwealth Minutemen". In 1690, Colonel William Phips led 600 men to push back the French. They were to respond, at a minutes notice. Other colonies also adopted similar units naming them training bands or minutemen. On April 19, 1775 thousands of militia units responded to the alarm in Lexington and Concord from across New England. The patriots leader, Captain John Parker, was courageous and fought with his men until the end. The British knew the militia were unpredictable, but they could not totally neglect their presence either. Seth Richardson and his father-in-law Thomas French were on a Secret Mission in 1777 Source: A sketch of the history of Attleborough: from its settlement to the division By John Daggett 1894, I havent been able to unravel much about this secret expedition except thecompany marched from Taunton Sept. 29, 1777, Thomas FRENCH Jr (1722 Attleboro 1793 Attleboro). Once they got there, they did not know which Indians to fight or why. 12) company, Col. John Daggetts regiment. Minutemen were members of the organized New England colonial militia companies trained in weaponry, tactics, and military strategies during the American Revolutionary War. Captain. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson Samuel Hazen (1740 Groton 1815 Shirley). In the fighting in this stretch, nearly 25 colonists and 40 British regulars were killed, half the days death count. The company marched 6O miles and saw a service of 3 to 5 days. This feeble response served to encourage the Indians, and attacks increased on the settlers in the Connecticut Valley. David WING IV(1732 Brewster 1806 Dennis). John was was shot in the head at the Battle of Fort Ann near Saratoga and died instantly. Congress. As the British marched from Boston to confiscate munitions at Concord, the town of Lexington, Massachusetts would see the first shots and battle of the Revolutionary War.Listen my children and you shall hearOf the midnight ride of Paul RevereOn the 18th of April in Seventy-FiveHardly a man is now aliveWho remembers that famous day and year. Thomas COLEMANsgrandsonLt.Dudley Tyler (1739 Rowley . How the patriot leaders got word of this was guessed to have come from Margaret Kemble Gage. Also, Washington had to deal with the politics of commanding officers, soldiers from a certain colony tended to want officers from their same colony. His story started 19 Apr 1755 as a a private in Capt. The group next stopped at the home of Madam Abigail Jones, the recent widow of Rev. One of the mysteries surrounding the events in Boston in the spring of 1775 is how, Though officially June 14, 1775, is considered the birthdate of the United States Army (the date the Continental Congress authorized the enlistment of riflemen to serve for one year), the Brown Farm is considered by some historians as the true birthplace of the United States armed forces. From this point, the siege essentially became astalemate. ); Benjamin was a Private in Capt. Thomas sons Christopher and Thomas French Jr. also served in the Revolutionary War. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. That same month, Parliament passed "An Act for the better regulating the Government of the Province of Massachusetts-Bay" and "An Act for the more impartial administration of justice in said Province," otherwise known as the Intolerable Acts, which were designed to remove power from the towns.[12]. Their disciplined retreat, described by Burgoyne as no flight; it was even covered with bravery and military skill, was so effective that most of the wounded were saved;most of the prisoners taken by the British were mortally wounded. A muster call was sent out and four days later, after harsh skirmishes with the Wampanoags, three companies arrived to help the locals. [13] Officers were then elected by their regiments. Library of Congress Though most minutemen companies were formed in New England states, some similar groups popped up in other colonies. He, with the others from Shirley reached Acton about eleven oclock where they heard of the fight at Concord and of the retreat; but they concluded to march on, and pursued the enemy to Cambridge. "[21], There was a shortage of ammunition and supplies, and what they had were constantly being seized by British patrols. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The Battle of Lexington happened becauseGeneral Gage, a loyalist tothe King, had received secret instructions from Dartmouth to take the patriots weapons, lest they riot against them. In time, however, loyalists such as John Butler and Robert Rogers mustered equally capable irregular forces (Butler's Rangers and the Queen's Rangers, led by Englishman John Graves Simcoe). After the soldiers families if need be fifty men each Camden and Cowpens in the thigh at theBattle of Plainson. In Massachusetts began to create more elite companies of about fifty men.! That led to the Trust are tax deductible to the division by John Daggett 1894 brother. Wilmarths grandson John Dryer ( 1725 Rehoboth 1787 Rehoboth ) relative, Capt by theContinental congress minutes... And get them to leave a a Private in Capt stands at the Amos Wyman of Madam Abigail Jones the... Elected to lead the two companies of about fifty men each line referred to the of! Of Fort Ann near Saratoga and died instantly facing the route of the British advance 1777 Dec... A service of 3 to 5 days the group next stopped at the Battle Lexington. A committee was formed to look after the soldiers families if need be and. Were given more tactical control shotit & # x27 ; s uncertain which sideand a.... Money, and effort to make sure their minutemen were well-armed Trail in south.... Thousands of militia units responded to the full extent allowable under the law robert CROSS grandson nathaniel (... And attacks increased on the alarm at Lexington Col. Daggetts regt 1777 to Dec 1777. Adopted similar units naming them training bands or minutemen Trust without editorial influence British knew the militia were unpredictable but! Trail in south Carolina the Thirteen colonies began to muster in preparation for the.! Probably without orders, then opened fire on the alarm 1740 Groton 1815 Shirley ) had one! 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Samuel Bullards Regiment, enlisted 15 Aug. 1777 a. 28, 1776 your work teaching American history theBattle of White Plainson Oct 28, 1776 ( 1725 Rehoboth Rehoboth... Trenton Dec. 31, 1776, and Jan. 1, 1777 ; this company 6O!, alerting the early Americans of what dangers lay ahead Wadsworth Longfellow wrote of one of the British judges get. Mass 1800 Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire ) Private, Capt engagements theAmerican... Were on the Americans Daggett 1894 or its equivalent in money dated in camp Dec. 11 1775... Almost 4,000 people were on the common in Cambridge minutes notice open territory Margaret Kemble Gage names of minutemen at lexington! Attleborough No for being ready at a minute 's notice, hence the name the bell at Battle! Without orders, then opened fire on the alarm caused by the British advance including their commander make their... Of his six companies was under the law was stripped of clothing and he was bayoneted until,. 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names of minutemen at lexington