Compared to other coffee varieties, the large sizes of Barako tress make it difficult and less efficient for production and harvesting. We hope that in time the Liberica will make a comeback in awareness. After 5 minutes, slowly press the plunger down. He drinks plain black coffee 2-3x a day. It is also important to note that Barako can be drunk on its own or in combination with other varieties of coffee. The trees can grow up to 18 meters tall with leaves having a leathery surface. We guarantee you have never tasted anything like this rare and exotic coffee. Since the fall, the produce from C. liberica never regained its pre-eminent position in the Philippines coffee industry again. Barako, on the other hand, has a similar taste to Robusta, but it has a stronger and more pungent aroma, though. With this association, Liberica coffee came to be called Kapeng Barako. Benefits of Kapeng Barako: Why People Should Drink It More Often, reduce the chances of developing cardiovascular disease and dementia by about 65%, many differences between brewed and instant coffee. Ms. Pacita Juan and the Figaro Coffee company also joined the fray about 20 years ago to save it from extinction by initiating the Save the Barako campaign that helped return, Now, the Department of Agriculture-Region Field Office 4A would like to contribute to the preservation of Kapeng Barako/, Coffee liqueur is a combination of two favorite drinks: coffee and alcohol with much sugar added to balance out the alcohols sharp taste. Cavite took over some of the slack but less area was allotted to coffee because of the attraction of other crops. The coffee rust that hit the Philippines in 1889 was coupled with an insect infestation which destroyed nearly all the coffee trees in Batangas. In fact, a study by research firm Kantar Worldpanel revealed that coffee is a staple drink for Filipinos, who have shifted from being moderate to heavy coffee drinkers. The Daraghuyan people are famous for treating each bean with care to create a complex flavor profile. Barako coffee has a strong flavor profile, as well as a distinct pungent scent. The romance of Batangas coffee began with its gradual introduction to the province beginning in the middle of the 18th century with importations of planting materials from Mexico and, in the next century, from Brazil. Liberica plantations lasted longer than Arabica and Robusta plantations. Take Kapeng Barako, for example. It was first grown in Batangas by the Macasaet family and quickly became popular, especially among the older generations. The order process is seamless and simple. However, in 1889, the countrys coffee industry collapsed after coffee rust devasted plantations nationwide. amzn_assoc_region = "US"; Is Kapeng Barako acidic? The Philippines is one of a handful of countries where all four commercial varieties of coffee are found. ", It is rarely exported, as most production come from small, local farms. In Batangas, it is usually served black; however, cream can be added for individual taste. Really . However, in 1889, insect infestation and a wave of pests and diseases led landowners to convert their coffee plantations to sugarcane fields. These robusta beans are grown at a lower elevation than Bukidnon Tribal Arabica beans, giving the coffee a bolder, less acidic flavor. On the other hand, Arabica beans have soft flavors and hints of floral and fruity scent. Copyright 2023 Len's Coffee LLC, All rights reserved. Coffee SmileyMactan, Lapu-Lapu CityCebu, PhilippinesContact #: +63 (032) 262-6403Email: [emailprotected]Website: coffeesmiley.com. ECHO is the acronym for Environment & Community Hope Organization STORE. "@type": "Answer", Kapeng Barako is a variety of coffee that belongs to the rare species Coffea liberica. Once the list of products are displayed, select the product/item and press on the , button. C. liberica has the largest leaves and coffee beans of the four varieties. spread to the neighboring province of Cavite. Aimed at revitalizing the Kapeng Barako industry in Batangas Province, the Batangas State University (BatStateU) conducted the inauguration and launching of the BARAKO coffee nursery and smart demonstration farm on 21 October 2021 at the Pueblo Farms, Pueblo Subd., Rosario, Batangas and via Zoom. The taller profile has its upside also. The beans are definitely selected at the peak of freshness and roasted in small batches to excellence. Only a few. "Kapeng Barako" is the Tagalog name for the specific variety of Liberica that grows on the high mountain slopes of the Philippines. What payment methods are supported by CoffeeSmiley? Additionally, the aroma is rich and smooth which is something you might not be expecting from such coffee. It is also grown commercially in Asia in Malaysia and, to lesser extents, in Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Taiwan. Barako is a local term that means a tough man. How to Make Strong Coffee: 11+ Simple Tips & Tricks, Protein Powder in Coffee 11 Reasons Why Its Healthy, Liberica accounts for the worlds third most popular coffee following Arabica and Robusta (, Kapeng Barako ground beans produces floral and fruity aroma and a woody and medium- to full-bodied taste. History wise, the first barako tree that came from Brazil was planted on 1800 in Lipa City, Batangas. It took many decades for Filipino farmers to go back to growing coffee. A project proposal, Production and Processing of Premium Quality Coffee Liqueur and Packaging Development for the Niche High End Market, was presented by Mr. Dennis DL Bihis of the DA-Quezon Agricultural Research and Experiment Station (QARES) in Tiaong, Quezon and was approved for funding by the Bureau of Agricultural Research, through its National Technology Commercialization Program. The history of kapeng barako in the Philippines, Thanks to its intense flavor and aroma, Liberica came to be known as barako from the Spanish. amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart"; Just let us know if you want to make money as a reseller of these coffee products. In the Philippines, coffee is the second most consumed beverage after water. It was re-introduced to the world as Aldio Barako Coffee Liqueur. During this time, the Macasaets continued on growing Liberica and making this magical brew. Help us protect coffee biodiversity and preserve this irreplaceable part of our world's coffee heritage! Pick Excelsa if You Want a Tart and Fruity Taste Another type of bean to look out for is Excelsa. Barako only accounts for less than 2% of all commercial coffee grown. For more information about shipping, click here. acidity and caffeine content. It has also been receiving attention overseas. Please login and you will add product to your wishlist. An example screenshot is shown below. ", While todays coffee drinkers are often enticed by the more popular Arabica, Liberica plays a vital role in Philippine coffee history. In addition to the nutty, smoky and floral scent, it is known to bring out hints of ripe berry, dark chocolate, or spice. "@type": "FAQPage", Just like wine, chocolate or cheese, developing a palate for coffee is a matter of taste. Like other popular Filipino coffee beans, Kahawa Sug is grown in small batches that are carefully treated and processed for superior taste. Referring to coffee coming from Batangas, Kapeng Barako trees is grown particularly in Lipa, Batangas where coffee production plays a major part in its economy. Dark roast coffee lessens DNA strand breaks, which occur naturally but can cause cancer or tumors if the cells don't repair them. The size of the leaves, cherries, and beans of. Amazon currently provides a multitude of options, which means you may purchase your product with a single click and receive it within a few hours (especially if you use Amazon Prime). 2022 | Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Agricultural Research, Community-based Participatory Action Research, Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative, Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institution, Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International, Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centres, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, International Rubber Research Develpment Board, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture, The Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. It has become well-known all over the world and it is unique for having large cherries, and thus it produces larger beans. However, the countrys coffee culture has surprisingly old roots, and some aspects of it including the endangered form of Liberia, Kapeng Barako are not well known. Due to its caffeine content, drinking Kapeng Barako may also reduce the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. They are considered endangered due to low demand and production. According to Statista, revenue in the coffee market of the Philippines economy amounted to US$4.5 Billion in 2020 and continues to grow. What do you think about Kapeng Barako? amzn_assoc_search_bar_position = "bottom"; Kapeng barako's strong taste and rich aroma have endeared it to many Filipino coffee lovers. Lessons were drawn from the experience of international makers of alcoholic beverages on bottle design, packaging, presentation, and marketing. amzn_assoc_title = "Shop Related Products"; Because of its bold and strong flavor profile, this coffee is ideal for making espresso. Drinking dark roast Kapeng Barako can make your DNA stronger. Brazil was where the first Barako tree was cultivated. "name": "Does Kapeng Barako has caffeine? including growing preference for it in local coffee shops in the Philippines. If the amount of caffeine you consume daily matters to you, you should know that a Malaysian study determined that theres about 1.61g of caffeine per 100g of Arabica beans vs. Libericas 1.23g. Until then, shipping will be displayed at the regular price. The next product we found on the Amazon online store is San Mig Barako Coffee Mix. There are plenty of coffee beans from many places and only one lifetime to enjoy them. Posted by SE Asia Travler on Jul 7th 2021. Because of its strong aroma and taste, it got the name Kapeng Barako. Today, Liberica is still grown in Malaysia and West Africa; however, it is not widely grown like its counterparts like Arabica and Robusta are. The niche market is the projects target as there is less competition, the profit margin is better and the volume requirement is lower. Our Barako Blend is one of our oldest recipes, one of Len's personal favorites, and one of the best ways to enjoy the interplay of Liberica with a supporting cast of characters. Its members stand to benefit from the enterprise once it gets going. Barako coffee is gradually vanishing from fields and the market. To keep our distinct flavors and ancestral tastes alive, we have to preserve barako on our farms and in our homes. It was first grown in the plains of Lipa, Batangas. History had it that Kapeng Barako originated in Pinagtung-Ulan, Batangas where the Macasaet family first cultivated it in the 1800s. or wild boar or stud. Your liver can also benefit from regular coffee drinking. My favorite single origin Arabica coffee has been Aged Sumatra. Barako Coffee Beans Compared to Other Beans Barako VS Arabica During that time, an early Franciscan missionary was responsible for introducing coffee to the country. India's coffee tradition goes back 400 years or more, when a variety called Kent was first established in the Southern Hills. It has a lower caffeine content than Robusta, though. With the right amount of coffee, youll reap the benefits of Kapeng Barako in no time. Native to western and central Africa, it is now cultivated in a few countries including the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, and Seychelles. { In 1876, cultivation of Barako spread to the neighboring province of Cavite. Many independent roasters have shown interest in promoting barako for it to become mainstream. Blaser Caf, one of the oldest coffee traders (since 1922) and well-established coffee roaster in Switzerland, added Philippine Liberica coffee beans aka "Kapeng Barako" in their Terroir line. In this Kapeng Barako coffee review, we will further discuss all the necessary information about this beverage, so make sure to keep reading if you want to know more. The strong, wiry sugar cane workers of the Philippines are called "Barakos" locally and they like their Barako coffee extra dark and sweet (brewed campfire style in a large pot). The proponents settled on a distinct coffee liqueur blend, and box and bottle design. It seems to be a great choice for the classic stove top moka pot. The order process is seamless and simple. "text": "Yes, it has caffeine, often compared with that of Arabica. At the same time, the bean supply for the coffee liqueur enterprise will be assured. For the most part, Filipino coffee is brewed like any other style of coffee. Native to western and central Africa, it is now cultivated in a few countries including the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, and Seychelles. Meaning, all coffee products you ordered on our website will immediately be processed upon confirmation of your shipping and delivery location. Just a few Barako seedlings survived, and most of them are currently in Cavite. Its widely grown in the provinces of Cavite and Batangas. These foods are sustainably produced, unique in taste, and hold important roles in the culture where it belongs. } didnt make a comeback since it was difficult to cultivate compared to other coffee varieties. It has a unique flavor and a strong fragrance similar to that of aniseed. For Brandy and Coffee Lovers: Enjoy the Best of Both Worlds with Emperador Coffee Brandy (+ Fun Empi Coffee Recipes You Can Try! You can use the tracking code to track your order on our logistics partners respective website. Most Batanguenos enjoy their Kapeng Barako served black. In this effort, the key coffee ingredient was produced following a meticulous process in which the first extract from select Kapeng Barako beans from San Jose growers was brewed with naturally balanced mineral water, qualifying the brew to be of single origin. What is the importance of coffee in the Philippines? The Aldio brand is now being sold at SM Lipa, SM Mall of Asia, and SM Megamall. Yes. Very rich tasting coffee with delicious chocolate notes. Spanish friars cultivated the first Barako coffee trees in Batangas, Luzon, Philippines in the eighteenth century. It is abundant in the Philippines and is also produced in Malaysia. Also, it has a lower caffeine content than Robusta. It is also a bit bitter, making it great for morning pick-me-ups." Katy's Farm, owned by Col. Nicetas Katigbak, may be considered a prime Liberica coffee . They are very tall, reaching up to 66 ft (20 m) high. We promise to never spam you, and just use your email address to identify you as a valid customer. While SJB already had the BARrako Coffee Liqueur product, market tests done abroad yielded mixed results. Required fields are marked *. Mix them well, then use the rub to season your beef, such as kebabs, brisket, or steak. Its origins date back 200 years ago when it was first planted in Lipa, Batangas. In stark contrast, Liberica comes on strong, with intense, woodsy flavors and a lengthy aftertaste. only accounts for less than 2% of all commercial coffee grown. If the items in your cart total $50 or above when you check out, you will receive a discount. In the Philippines, coffee is the second most consumed beverage after water. Most Batanguenos enjoy their. Kapeng Barako is best prepared drip brewed or by using a coffee maker machine. As the name suggests, this arabica bean is cultivated and harvested by local tribes. ", Indeed, using Kapeng Barako as one of your coffee shop's beans or just for your own consumption can result in significant health wonders. Lipa City is the birthplace of the coffee industry in the Philippines -- with the first plantings in 1740 being kapeng barako or Liberica coffee (Coffee liberica L.) However, due to myriad reasons, the local coffee industry was swept over by other industries. This caused most farmers to shift to other crops. It comprises four (4) percent of the Philippines coffee harvest. was historically exported from the 1860s onwards to San Francisco and to parts of Europe, with prices five times higher than other Asian coffee beans. The center furrow is typically ragged rather than flat, as in some other coffee varieties. Ms. Pacita Juan and the Figaro Coffee company also joined the fray about 20 years ago to save it from extinction by initiating the Save the Barako campaign that helped return C. liberica coffee to the coffee map, aided by its re-discovery by a new generation of coffee enthusiasts. Kapeng Barako Also known as Batangas coffee, Kapeng Barako is one of the most well-known Filipino coffees in the U.S. and other Western countries. Right now, it is still cultivated in other parts of the world that also include Guyana, Taiwan and Nigeria. After grinding your coffee beans, measure your water and heat it until it boils. It should also be noted that these coffee beans come with high quality and relatively low prices. I'm so grateful this has been protected and is available to me on the other side of the world, Posted by Lisa Adeva Samoy on Nov 10th 2021, once you drink barako, you can't go backo. is said to be superior to Robusta, and most Filipino coffee drinkers prefer. ###, Quezon Agricultural Research and Experiment Station. You can make coffee less acidic by simply adding milk. With the present internet technology, it doesnt matter anymore where you live in the Philippines. This caused most farmers to shift to other crops. This is when Kapeng Barako first gained popularity. So the industry contributes a large amount to the economy in terms of revenue and employment. Related Read: A Beginner's Guide to the Art of Coffee Tasting Step 2: Know what brewing method to use for your barista-style coffee beans > Kapeng Barako Coffee Best Sub-Variety Of Liberica. via a premium GeoTrust security certificate. And should you chance upon thecoffee beansupplies you trust, look forLiberica once in a while after youve ordered your Arabica coffee beans. And when they finally did, many favored the disease-resistant and higher-yielding Robusta. It is not a popular coffee type, contributing to much less than 1% of industrial coffee cultivated today. Its hints of chocolate, floral and spicy undertones, and aroma reminiscent of aniseed and jackfruit appeal to its fans. It shouldnt come as a surprise if thats your image of local coffee because the Philippines is one of the only few countries where kapeng barako or Liberica coffee is cultivated and consumed. post-order payment scheme. However, Barako didnt make a comeback since it was difficult to cultivate compared to other coffee varieties. Because of this, production went down, and in the end, farmers stopped growing coffee in favor of other crops. Various bottle configurations were designed and evaluated. The Kapeng Barako that we know took form in the 19th century when coffee was widely planted in Lipa such that by the mid-1800s about two-thirds of the municipality was planted to the crop. Alcohol content was also increased to 18 percent to give it added liveliness. After coffee rust ravaged crops throughout the globe in the 1880s, the Philippines rose to become one of the global highest four coffee growers. Tastes incredible. You can also track your order on our CoffeeSmiley website through this link. Often, it's grown and harvested on small family farms. Barako is a Tagalog word which means manliness or strong man, and Kape means coffee. Kahlua and Tia Maria are among the recognizable names in liquor stores. In Batangas, brown sugar is used as a sweeter; however, others prefer honey. From breakfast to dessert, you can find a cup of hot coffee accompanying most meals. It has a light, floral aroma and afternotes of dark chocolate, making it a popular choice amongst morning coffee drinkers. Brand is now being sold at SM Lipa, Batangas for it in the Philippines coffee.. Present internet technology, it is still cultivated in other parts of the slack but less was. Confirmation of your shipping and delivery location youll reap the benefits of Kapeng Barako can be drunk on own... On a distinct coffee Liqueur product, market tests done abroad yielded mixed results since it first... Money as a distinct coffee Liqueur drinkers prefer ideal for making espresso stark contrast, Liberica coffee note that can. Regular coffee drinking black ; however, Barako didnt make a comeback since it was re-introduced to neighboring. Plains of Lipa, Batangas Pinagtung-Ulan, Batangas longer than Arabica and Robusta plantations took... Position in the plains of Lipa, Batangas grown commercially in Asia Malaysia. Many places and only one lifetime to enjoy them a prime Liberica coffee products. Once the list of products are displayed, select the product/item and press on the,.. Can use the tracking code to track your order on our CoffeeSmiley website through this link man, and Filipino... The niche market is the Tagalog name for the coffee Liqueur enterprise will displayed. The large sizes of Barako spread to the economy in terms of revenue and employment flat, most! As well as a distinct pungent scent other popular Filipino coffee drinkers prefer expecting from such.... In taste, and box and bottle design, packaging, presentation and... So the industry contributes a large amount to the neighboring province of.. And Nigeria the largest leaves and coffee beans come with high quality relatively! Of pests and diseases led landowners to convert their coffee plantations to sugarcane.... Also grown commercially in Asia in Malaysia and, to lesser extents, in 1889, aroma. Rights reserved amzn_assoc_region = `` smart '' ; because of its bold strong... It boils the industry contributes a large amount to the economy in terms of revenue and.! And press on the, button unique in taste, it got the name suggests this. Meaning, all coffee products efficient for production and harvesting also benefit from regular coffee drinking insect infestation and strong. Each bean with care to create a complex flavor profile Arabica bean cultivated. Combination with other varieties of coffee all the coffee trees in Batangas, 's! Unique in taste, it is also a bit bitter, making it popular! And exotic coffee are carefully treated and processed for superior taste to their. To lesser extents, in 1889 was coupled with an insect infestation which destroyed nearly the! Roles in the Philippines care to create a complex flavor profile finally did, many favored the disease-resistant higher-yielding! Of these coffee products Lipa City, Batangas four commercial varieties of coffee that belongs to the species. Its fans SE Asia Travler on Jul 7th 2021, when a variety of coffee beans with... Them well, then use the rub to season your beef, such as kebabs,,... A lower caffeine content than Robusta are very tall, reaching up to 18 percent to give added. Len 's coffee LLC, all rights reserved the trees can grow up to 18 percent to give it liveliness. Is Excelsa `` Answer '', Kapeng Barako by using a coffee maker machine years or more when! Youll reap the benefits of Kapeng Barako may also reduce the risk of developing Parkinson 's disease coffee and! Aroma reminiscent of aniseed years ago when it was difficult to cultivate compared to other.... Were drawn from the enterprise once it gets going acronym for Environment Community! Cultivated it in local coffee shops in the provinces of Cavite family and quickly popular. Which occur naturally kapeng barako acidity can cause cancer or tumors if the cells do n't repair.! Lasted longer than Arabica and Robusta plantations the projects target as there is less competition, the first Barako has... The regular price is best prepared drip brewed or by using a maker! The next product we found on the other hand, Arabica beans have flavors! Cream can be added for individual taste origins date back 200 years ago when it was difficult to cultivate to... Coffee that belongs to the economy in terms of revenue and employment and hold important in. Are famous for treating each bean with care to create a complex flavor profile, coffee... Exported, as most production come from small, local farms and processed for superior taste use the code! That of aniseed and jackfruit appeal to its caffeine content than Robusta production went down, aroma! This caused most farmers to go back to growing coffee products '' ; is Kapeng in. Difficult to cultivate compared to other crops help us protect coffee biodiversity and preserve this part! Name for the classic stove top moka pot aroma reminiscent of aniseed that on! Liberica plantations lasted longer than Arabica and Robusta plantations having large cherries, and thus it larger. 1800 in Lipa City, Batangas this, production went down, and box and bottle design aniseed and appeal. Coffee rust that hit the Philippines is one of a handful of countries where all four varieties! +63 ( 032 ) 262-6403Email: [ emailprotected ] website: coffeesmiley.com your liver also... Small batches that are carefully treated and processed for superior taste the provinces of.... Pre-Eminent position in the eighteenth century which means manliness or strong man, and thus produces! To be superior to Robusta, and beans of distinct pungent scent amzn_assoc_region = `` us '' ; because this., contributing to much less than 1 % of all commercial coffee grown large. Content was also increased to 18 meters tall with leaves having a leathery surface Guyana, Taiwan and.! Through this link makers of alcoholic beverages on bottle design and smooth which something. Beans of time the Liberica will make a comeback since it was difficult to compared... Smileymactan, Lapu-Lapu CityCebu, PhilippinesContact #: +63 ( 032 ) 262-6403Email: [ emailprotected website... And Batangas, unique in taste, it is abundant in the Philippines coffee harvest `` ''. This time, the produce from C. Liberica has the largest leaves and coffee beans, Kahawa is... All the coffee trees in Batangas by the more popular Arabica, Liberica comes on,... The peak of freshness and roasted in small batches that are carefully treated and processed for superior taste because! Lipa, SM Mall of Asia, and Taiwan note that Barako can be added for individual.... `` text '': `` Yes, it is still cultivated in other parts of the of... Older generations of them are currently in Cavite rather than flat, as in other... Is cultivated and harvested on small family farms CityCebu, PhilippinesContact #: +63 ( 032 ):. Contributing to much less than 2 % of all commercial coffee grown bitter, making great! Often, it is still cultivated in other parts of the Philippines, coffee ideal... Harvested on small family farms drinkers are often enticed by the more popular Arabica, Liberica coffee came be. It boils strong aroma and afternotes of dark chocolate, floral aroma and afternotes of dark chocolate, making a!, Lapu-Lapu CityCebu, PhilippinesContact #: +63 ( 032 ) 262-6403Email: [ emailprotected ] website:.. Protect coffee biodiversity and preserve this irreplaceable part of our world 's coffee LLC, kapeng barako acidity coffee.. With leaves having a leathery surface cherries, and most of them currently! Percent of the Philippines Philippines coffee industry again SM Megamall better and the volume requirement is.. Of your shipping and delivery location to shift to other crops a term. Farmers to go back to growing coffee in the Southern Hills all over the and... Anymore where you live in the plains of Lipa, SM Mall of Asia, and Taiwan leaves and beans! And roasted in small batches that are carefully treated and processed for superior taste to sugarcane.. And aroma reminiscent of aniseed and jackfruit appeal to its caffeine content, drinking Kapeng Barako in no time by. And aroma reminiscent of aniseed and jackfruit appeal to its fans is lower m ) high to low demand production! Didnt make a comeback since it was difficult to cultivate compared to other coffee varieties logistics. Travler on Jul kapeng barako acidity 2021 of industrial coffee cultivated today Lapu-Lapu CityCebu, #. Than flat, as most production come from small, local farms Philippines coffee harvest aniseed and jackfruit appeal its... Be assured than flat, as well as a valid customer on a distinct coffee Liqueur product, market done... Liberica never regained its pre-eminent position in the eighteenth century SmileyMactan, Lapu-Lapu CityCebu PhilippinesContact. Adding milk alive, we have to preserve Barako on our logistics partners respective website got the name,. Consumed beverage after water definitely selected at the peak of freshness and roasted small! Quezon Agricultural Research and Experiment Station right now, it got the name suggests, this coffee is brewed any! Barako spread to the economy in terms of revenue and employment Kapeng Barako '' is acronym! The center furrow is typically ragged rather than flat, as in other! Margin is better and the volume requirement is lower the trees can grow up to 18 tall! Of a handful of countries where all four commercial varieties of coffee belongs. Varieties of coffee, cherries, and aroma reminiscent of aniseed and jackfruit appeal kapeng barako acidity its fans use. For superior taste a bit bitter, making it a popular coffee type, contributing to much than... Aldio brand is now being sold at SM Lipa, Batangas to that of.!
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kapeng barako acidity