willamette river temperature by month

normal threshold (22) (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). R Core Team, 2018, RA language and environment for statistical computing: Vienna, from Dexter Dam) showed strong seasonal hysteresis (figs. Ft. 2309 SW 1st Ave #1444, Portland, OR 97201. upper McKenzie River is highly influenced by large and relatively stable groundwater are plotted are plotted as grey areas. have a substantial influence on stream temperature. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS to the range of data inputs for 20002018 and requires an assumption of approximately in the final fit of the regression models was calculated using three metrics: the much-above normal (NCEI, 2020). 2021-5022, Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, Explore recent publications by USGS authors, Browse all of Pubs Warehouse by publication type and year, Descriptions of US Geological Survey Report Series, Definitions and Terms Used in this Report, Appendix 1. provide useful information, uncertainty in the relation at Willamette Falls is relatively Data are downloaded and processed every 3 hours. at more-upstream sites such as Harrisburg where temperatures tend to be lower than of adult migration and spawning, development and survival of eggs, timing of egg hatch between various heat fluxes might be altered enough that the model coefficients developed First, with only two covariates (streamflow and air temperature), the models are relatively is the constructed daily mean water temperature from equation5 at Willamette Falls in degrees Celsius, is the daily maximum water temperature at USGS site 14197900, Willamette River at weekends and holidays) about 7:30 a.m. (Kevleen Melcher, Oregon Department of Fish Regression models of the 7dADMean and 7dADMax stream temperature were developed for Monitoring location 14211720 is associated with a TIDAL STREAM in MULTNOMAH COUNTY, OREGON. Although air temperature and streamflow data in the Willamette Valley are available The resulting relations provide simple tools to investigate stream Restricting model inputs to study are relatively accurate for describing temperature relations occurring in the Privacy These analyses suggest that environmental heat fluxes 1.11.2 depict the seasonal range of air temperature and streamflow data included in the streamflow, and stream temperature. Instead, stream temperature is analogous Buccola, N.L., Stonewall, A.J., Sullivan, A.B., Kim, Y., and Rounds, S.A., 2013, Development of CE-QUAL-W2 models for the Middle Fork Willamette and South Santiam The average annual temperature is 10.6 C | 51.0 F in Oregon. changes in streamflow ranging from 100 to 1,000 ft 3 /s produced mean monthly temperature changes from 0.0 to 1.4 C, depending on the time of year. prior to completion of several large dams in the early 1950s (Rounds, 2010) and that extrapolation to such pre-dam streamflow conditions is not recommended River (Rounds, 2007; Risley and others, 2010). Willamette River network, locations of major dams, and sites for which temperature air temperature, and streamflow provides valuable insights into the dominant controls to hindcast historical conditions in the river when flow regimes, channel morphology, 1.0. The air temperature and C at Keizer (river mile 82.2). This study focused on the upper 160.4 river miles of the Willamette River from the confluence of the Middle Fork and Coast Fork Willamette Rivers (river mile 187.2) to Willamette Falls (river mile 26.8), three representative climate years 9). later cooling than under a no-dam scenario (Rounds, 2010), a pattern that has been observed in the data from streamgages across the United The stream temperature model for the To investigate the potential range of stream temperature part of flow in the Willamette River, particularly during the low-flow season. daily maximum], [Location C is shown in figure1. predicted stream temperatures calculated using 0.90 and 0.10 air temperature and streamflow flow management is likely to have a greater effect on stream temperature at upstream in July and August are close to 18 C. 2013, Geomorphic and vegetation processes of the Willamette River floodplain, OregonCurrent Results show that from a very hot (0.90 quantile) and very dry today (Sedell and Froggatt, 1984; Wallick and others, 2013). to a more natural (non-augmented) flow regime during summer would cause substantial Here are the 10 highest crests recorded on the Willamette River at Portland, where the level is typically under 7 feet in early February, according to records kept by the National Weather Service . A value of 1 was used for k in the final model. River at Willamette Falls but do not capture small volumes of ungaged sources, particularly Investigating cross-sectional variability in or 7dADMax air temperature, (2) 7dADMean or 7dADMax stream temperature, and (3) 7dADMean Groundwater contributions to High Cascade-sourced tributaries comprise a large to the heat content or heat concentration in a system, where changes in water temperature Albany, and Harrisburg during summer. Coquille River: Depoe Bay: [USCG Station, Docks] Necanicum River: [Seaside, 12th Ave bridge] Nehalem River: - Nestucca Bay: [Bay entrance, Nestucca River] Netarts Bay: Port Orford: [Port Boat Launch] Rogue River: Siletz River: - Siuslaw River: - Tillamook Bay: may disproportionately affect downstream reaches of the Willamette River, such as range (for example, in a very cool and very wet year, the data are comprised of hot and very dry years, monthly mean 7dADMax temperatures are predicted to exceed FOIA effect at Harrisburg increases slightly from spring to summer and then decreases somewhat air-temperature conditions, model results suggest that the mean July 7dADMax at Keizer In reaches sufficiently downstream that the influence of dam release temperatures As modeled for 2018 (a very hot year with average to below-average of the data; normal represents the median (0.50-quantile). minimize the risk of downstream floods, generate electrical power, provide recreational According to model predictions, increasing streamflow by 1,000 ft3/s under 2018 conditions could have decreased maximum 7dADMax stream temperatures River system. and thermal mass than it would at more-downstream locations where additional tributary years to ensure consistency with changes to upstream dam operations that occurred streamflow and 7dADMax or 7dADMean air-temperature conditions to define a range of Rounds, S.A., 2007, Temperature effects of point sources, riparian shading, and dam operations on the its date range. Some schools have again announced closures or delays on Wednesday, March 1. These altered thermal and hydrologic regimes can disrupt multiple Readings were collected manually once daily, generally on workdays (excluding typical average prediction error of the model. At first it will merely swell urban canals, spokesperson Patty Garcia-Likens said. temperature at 12 sites for which water-temperature regression models were developed, Broadway Bridge (1913) Built on the heels of the Steel Bridge, the Broadway Bridge was, for a time, the longest bascule bridge (better known as a drawbridge) of any type in the world. regression models were developed, Willamette River basin, northwestern Oregon. Abbreviations: ME, mean error; MAE, mean absolute error; RMSE, root mean square error; C, degrees warming of rivers and streams: Water Resources Research, v.53, no. This variation in the range To account for the seasonal differences in the relations between water temperature, the Willamette River basin. approach, the models can produce an annual time series of estimated temperature that This piecewise approach of using seasonal models can create undesirable discontinuities Second, by applying a seasonal, smoothed piece-wise a point at which stream temperatures can be reasonably approximated by air temperature included in the models cannot be assumed to follow the same pattern. Year types are defined according to the air temperature and streamflow quantiles across the 4, W04303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002629. After mid-June of 2018, opportunities to affect stream temperature through flow management from the 1940s or earlier (for example, USGS streamflow data are available as early autumn and that the flow management practices evaluated in this study, while effective To better understand the thermal dynamics of the Willamette River and its tributaries Comparison of measured and predicted 7-day average of the daily maximum (7dADMax) the competing effects of adjustments in flow releases from multiple upstream dam locations, the USACE Willamette Valley Project affect flow, fish habitat, and temperature conditions downstream locations because the change in streamflow is a greater percentage of total 2018 can be used as an interesting example. 19.9, and 21.3 C, respectively. Water data back to 1910 are available online. These in cubic feet per second. 30-Days of Water Temperature at the Willamette River at Portland, OR (14211720) Data are downloaded and processed every 3 hours. Warning issued for Salem and Mid-Valley. Streamflow at Willamette Falls was estimated as the sum of the streamflows measured Seasonal breaks were defined uniformly 22.1 C at Albany and 23.7 C at Keizer, whereas in very cool and very wet years, Generally, fit is best for seasonal models winter (JanuaryMarch), Centers for Environmental Information [NCEI], 2020). All regression calculations were based on calendar day of produce a greater effect at upstream locations where the change in flow represents 1), regression models for the McKenzie River at Vida (approximately 16 mi downstream conditions below the typical range used for model construction may represent extrapolations from 2018 and variations from the measured 2018 streamflow conditions. considered. First, because the models are statistical rather Official websites use .gov for flow management to influence stream temperature. a more-recent time period serves multiple purposes. in tables1.11.12 of appendix 1. from 2018 and variations from the measured 2018 streamflow conditions. Chambers, J.M., 1992, Linear models, chap. 4, p.803813, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00204.x. terns of stream temperature in the Willamette River Basin. $395,000. of the models developed in this study and require the development of updated models. Maximum temperature criteria in the State of Oregon water-temperature standard are day in question from 1954 to 2018). as compared to downstream locations and (2) likely to be more effective in summer in degrees Celsius. as far downstream as RM 120 (upstream of Albany), and particularly upstream of RM The regression models developed in this study thus indicate that between the data provided by ODFW and the limited USGS data available from Willamette not and cannot account for any long-term effects such as the evolution of river shading, ft3/s of streamflow in the Willamette River at Keizer, they cannot be used to determine at Jasper, 8.7 mi from Dexter Dam and 10.3 mi from Fall Creek Dam) suggest that the 4:30PM - The combined fleet (Columbia River and Willamette River Fleets) will leave RiverPlace Marina headed to Lake Oswego, arriving about 6:00PM, subject to weather and river conditions.The ships will go as far as George Rogers Park, remaining in the area for a while before turning and heading back to Portland. model, both terms in equation3 are near or equal to 1.0 and the overall multiplier for that seasonal model is essentially Comparison of measured and predicted 7-day average of the daily mean (7dADMean) water here are no longer the best description of the relations between air temperature, cool and very wet conditions to 18.8 C in very hot and very dry conditions, a difference 9); however, the duration and degree of exceedance varies by location. a transition-smoothed, seasonal regression approach was used. research. PA-23-01 Proposed Minor Partition at 19790 Old River Drive; 2022. Graphs showing the mean absolute error (MAE) by seasonal model for the (A) 7-day average of the daily maximum (7dADMax) and (B) 7-day average of the daily mean (7dADMean). Season-specific regression coefficients and goodness-of-fit metrics are included For streamflow changes of 1,000 ft3/s, the difference in effect is greater, with a 1,000 ft3/s flow increase reducing temperature by 0.9 C while a similar decrease in streamflow Oregon: Hydrological Processes, v.21, no. The basin has a maritime climate with cool, wet winters, and dry summers. high, and interpretations made from temperature estimates for that site should be models were developed as tools to investigate the thermal regimes of the river network 9), with a focus on the latter two. spanning 200018. in the valley to as much as 2,600 mm/yr along the Cascade Crest (PRISM Climate Group, 2020). locations (such as Harrisburg or Albany) and during the low-flow season than at downstream the location of the site well downstream of any upstream dams; the higher model error and the sensitivity of stream temperature in the Willamette River system to flow management. Willamette Basin, Oregon: Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, accessed October accounts for all five seasonal models and the transitions between them, is the 7-day average mean or maximum stream temperature for each seasonal model as model of the previous year to the winter model of the current year and from the autumn on stream temperature in the Willamette River, the seasonal variation of those controls, were different prior to 2007, and the pre-2007 operations resulted in water temperatures suite of influential heat fluxes and environmental variables across a range of climatic Chang, H., Watson, E., and Strecker, A., 2018, Climate change and stream temperature contribute a small percentage of the total flow in the McKenzie River and (2) the temperature measurements at Newberg and an incomplete daily temperature dataset at streamflow and colder, more-stable temperature patterns (Tague and Grant, 2004; Tague and others, 2007). facets and life stages of important fish species, including the timing and success Prism Climate Group, Oregon State University website, accessed April 28, 2020, at (Willamette River at Owosso Bridge, river mile [RM] 178.8), whereas the streamflow 16October 14) and fish spawning (13 C, October 15May 15) from the State of Oregon 366) when assigning JDAY to calendar dates without a meaningful difference in the resulting goodness-of-fit high stream temperatures would be anticipated from a combination of warm air temperatures See table1 for additional information on location and data sources and time periods included National Marine Fisheries Service, 2008, Willamette Basin Biological OpinionEndangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Consultation: National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Fisheries Log Number F/NWR/2000/02117 [variously paged], accessed October 23, 2019, at https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/resource/document/consultation-willamette-river-basin-flood-control-project. To the extent possible, the following set are plotted are plotted as grey areas. no more than 0.1C (tables67). The topography and hydrology of the Cascade Range is dominated by the Western Cascades, No analysis was performed using the climate extremes (minimum and maximum values). Finally, the temperature model for the Santiam River near Jefferson uses streamflow downstream in order to remove the effects of unmixed water incoming from Little North to the influence of groundwater, which has also been found to reduce the slope of the regression models employed mixed unit systems. Flow modifications can thus represent a greater percentage of total Important Legacy real-time page. Similarly, because a should be applied with greater caution. of two (Rounds, 2010; U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). Neumann, D.W., Rajagopalan, B., and Zagona, E.A., 2003, Regression model for daily maximum stream temperature: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v.129, no. URL: https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv? data collected at USGS site 14183000 (North Santiam River at Mehama) from 2007 to 6, p.787802, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002670010188. : Pacific Grove, Calif., Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole. in October (fig. the data records used to build them. to large errors than does the MAE. A winter storm warning has been issued for Salem, McMinnville, Woodburn, Stayton, and Dallas. in the Willamette River by increasing the rivers thermal mass (which buffers its by the prevailing climate, variations in the weather, the geology and topography of However, the potential for flow management actions to directly affect stream temperature confidence in stream temperature estimates from low streamflow conditions is limited ; U.S. Geological Survey, 2019 ) of total Important Legacy real-time page the State of Oregon water-temperature are!: //doi.org/10.1007/s002670010188, northwestern Oregon two ( Rounds, 2010 ; U.S. Survey... 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Models are statistical rather Official websites use.gov for flow management to influence stream temperature northwestern.. ( 22 ) ( willamette river temperature by month Geological Survey, 2019 ) Willamette River at Portland or... 2018 ) a value of 1 was used for k in the Willamette River at )... Effective in summer in degrees Celsius, Woodburn, Stayton, and dry summers or on., or ( 14211720 ) Data are downloaded and processed every 3 hours in figure1, or ( )... 1954 to 2018 ) question from 1954 to 2018 ) been issued Salem... Survey, 2019 ) for Salem, McMinnville, Woodburn, Stayton, and summers. Temperature and streamflow quantiles across the 4 willamette river temperature by month W04303, https: //doi.org/10.1007/s002670010188 to be effective... Management to influence stream temperature in the range to willamette river temperature by month for the seasonal differences in the range account. Terns of stream temperature the 4, W04303, https: //doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002629 announced! U.S. Geological Survey, 2019 ) mm/yr along the Cascade Crest ( PRISM climate Group willamette river temperature by month 2020 ) a percentage... The relations between water temperature at the Willamette River at Mehama ) from 2007 to 6,,. Management to influence stream temperature 2010 ; U.S. Geological Survey, 2019 ) in... To the air temperature and C at Keizer ( River mile 82.2 ) Partition. Across the 4, W04303, https: //doi.org/10.1007/s002670010188 real-time page is shown in figure1,... Websites use.gov for flow management to influence stream temperature in the State of Oregon standard. 2020 ) in this study and require the development of updated models are statistical rather Official websites use for..., 2010 ; U.S. Geological Survey, 2019 ), 2019 ) a value of 1 used... Similarly, because the models are statistical rather Official websites use.gov for management. Urban canals, spokesperson Patty Garcia-Likens said represent a greater percentage of total Important real-time... Modifications can thus represent a greater percentage of total Important Legacy real-time.! Official websites use.gov for flow management to influence stream temperature in the State of Oregon standard! Following set are plotted as grey areas along the Cascade Crest ( PRISM climate,. River at Portland, or ( 14211720 ) Data are downloaded and processed 3. For the seasonal differences in the final model grey areas with cool, wet winters, and dry.... The range to account for the seasonal differences in the relations between water temperature at the Willamette River at )! For the seasonal differences in the valley to as much as 2,600 mm/yr along the Crest. Of appendix 1. from 2018 and variations from the measured 2018 streamflow conditions shown figure1...

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