It is shrouded in mystery to Jewish scholars as to why Terah began the journey and as to why the journey ended prematurely. The sovereignty of God in salvation is beautifully illustrated in the call of Abram. No wonder God commanded Abram to leave his fathers house (Genesis 12:1)! The obstacles were largely overcome by the initiative of God in the early stages of the life of Abram. What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? At the time of the call, Abram did not know where this land was. The pluperfect tense (had said) is both grammatically legitimate and exegetically necessary. Now the promise to Abram was four hundred and thirty years before the exodus of the children of Israel out of Egypt Exodus 12:40. This made Serug Abraham's great-great-grandfather and an ancestor of the Israelites and Ishmaelites. Terah is the one who told the people to leave Ur Kasdim in the book of Genesis, not Abram. 128 S. Schultz, Abraham, The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975, 1976), I, p. 26. Haran was in the north, where Terah, Abraham's father, had taken him after Terah's father died (Genesis 11:27-32). When Israel went into the land of Canaan, to possess it under Joshua, these same key cities were captured: So Joshua sent them away, and they went to the place of ambush and remained between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai; (Joshua 8:9). 130 Cf. So we know that Abraham told his father Terah to leave, because God appeared to Abraham, not Terah. Answer Terah is known in the Bible as the father of Abram (known later as Abraham), who in turn received the covenant promise of God regarding the future birth of His Son, Jesus. This I believe to be a significant observation, for many Christians seem to feel that Gods way is the way of the bizarre and the unusual. Although, for example, the knowledge and worship of the true God had been preserved in the families of Shem in a purer form than among the remaining descendants of Noah, even in the house of Terah and worship of God was corrupted by idolatry (Joshua 24:2-3); and although Abram was to become the father of the nation which God was about to form, yet his wife was barren, and therefore, in the way of nature, a new family could not be expected to spring from him. Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will show thee: 2 And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing: 3 And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed. Abraham lived as a pilgrim, looking for the city of God: By faith he lived as an alien in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow-heirs of the some promise; for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God (Hebrews 11:9-10). This land never belonged to Abram in his lifetime, even as God had said (15:13-16). When he is commanded to sacrifice Isaac, he must obey with a willing heart of love, yet somehow see through to balance the command with the promise of the seed of a nation and leave the outcome to God and to find in God all sufficiency. We have already mentioned the significance of Psalm 127 in relation to the efforts of man at Babel. And that brings us to the second reason. But God had foretold that none need go with Abe except Abe's own household (which included his wife, and any 'employees' or 'servants' that Abe might have acquired). Terah set out on his journey, no doubt, as soon after the call of Abram as the preparatory arrangements could be made. Nearly one-fourth of the book of Genesis is devoted to this mans life. However, Abraham discouraged potential customers from buying the idols, explaining to them the futility of worshipping statues that were only fashioned that very day. Specifically, Stephen's comment, in reply to the high priest (Acts 7:1), is based on Jewish oral tradition, and was recognized by the Jewish High Counsel (called the "Sanhedren"). In the words of Vos, Regardless of when Abraham left Ur, he turned his back on a great metropolis, setting out by faith for a land about which he knew little or nothing and which could probably offer him little from a standpoint of material benefits.132. Do you know that after Abram entered the land of Canaan it was another 25 years until he had his son, Isaac? Nahor lived 119 years. Terah fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran fathered Lot. Abram was told in detail what he must leave behind. Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. Why didn't Abraham tell Isaac the truth in Genesis 22? Abram was, in our vernacular, no spring chicken when he left Haran for Canaan. It follows that he was born when Terah was one hundred and thirty years old, and consequently sixty years after Haran. In the triple number of the patriarchs, the divine election of the nation on the one hand, and the entire formation of the character and guidance of the life of Israel on the other, were to attain to their fullest typical manifestation. "By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed and went out to a place he was going to receive as an inheritance. Thirdly, the Angel of Jehovah is also identified with Jehovah by the sacred writers themselves, who call the Angel Jehovah without the least reserve (cf. Genesis 11:26-32 tells that Terah was a son of Nahor, the son of Serug, who was a descendant of Shem. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? 3: Genesis 12:1 is the Bible's record of the second time that God tells Abe to leave his father's household. Abram told his father that Yahweh had instructed them to leave. Why is the article "the" used in "He invented THE slide rule"? Abrams early history is partly that of his gradual disentanglement from country, kindred and fathers house, a process not completed until the end of chapter 13. Derek Kidner, Genesis (Chicago: InterVarsity Press, 1967), p. 113. They followed the Euphrates River, with their herds, to the Paddan Aram region. Furthermore even though the call was to Abraham, God had stirred the heart of Terah to begin the journey to the very place he promised to Abraham so that when Terah died Abraham continued in God's divine will. 139 . But this exclusiveness contained from the very first the germ of universalism. 24. The incongruity of God's covenant with Abram in Gen 12:1? Although no direct evidence of Abrahams residence is available, it is significant that the city of Ur reflects a long history preceding Abrahams time, possessing an elaborate system of writing, educational facilities, mathematical calculations, business and religious records, and art. In attempting now to determine the connection between the appearance of the Angel of Jehovah (or Elohim) and the appearance of Jehovah or Elohim Himself, and to fix the precise meaning of the expression Maleach Jehovah, we cannot make use, as recent opponents of the old Church view have done, of the manifestation of God in Genesis 18 and 19, and the allusion to the great prince Michael in Daniel 10:13, Daniel 10:21; Daniel 12:1; just because neither the appearance of Jehovah in the former instance, nor that of the archangel Michael in the latter, is represented as an appearance of the Angel of Jehovah. "And Terah died in Haran." Thus, he seems to have rejected Stephens words flatly. I believe it. How utterly irreconcilable this fact is with the opinion that the Angel of Jehovah was a created angel, is conclusively proved by Revelation 22:9, which is generally regarded as perfectly corresponding to the account of the "Angel of Jehovah" of the Old Testament. ------------------------------------------------------------. Terah may have told Abraham why he was leaving Ur and why he decided to settle in Haran. And if we are honest with ourselves, that is just about where most of us are. God providentially led Terah to pull up roots at Ur and to move toward Canaan (11:31). Moses did not give us all the background needed to properly grasp the significance of the call of Abram, but it has been recorded for us in the Bible. The revelations consisted almost exclusively of promises; and so far as these promises were fulfilled in the lives of the patriarchs, the fulfilments themselves were predictions and pledges of the ultimate and complete fulfilment, reserved for a distant, or for the most remote futurity. Abram was called, that through him all the families of the earth might be blessed (Genesis 12:1-3). Starting in Genesis 11:27, we have the account of Terah's (Abraham's father) family line. There may well have been political or economic factors which made such a move expedient, apart from any spiritual considerations. More insights from your Bible study - Get Started with Logos Bible Software for Free! We must confine ourselves to the passages in which "the Angel of Jehovah" is actually referred to. to Harran, they settled there.(NIV). A physical death interpretation would state that Terah had died and his total lifespan is recorded as 205 years. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Chapter 12 begins a new division in the book of Genesis. If we fix our eyes upon the method of the divine revelation, we find a new beginning in this respect, that as soon as Abram is called, we read of the appearing of God. Since Abram was unwilling or unable to leave his father's house, God took Abram's father in death (11:32). But whilst, regarded in this light, the continuity of the divine revelation was guaranteed, as well as the plan of human development established in the creation itself, the call of Abram introduced so far the commencement of a new period, that to carry out the designs of God their very foundations required to be renewed. are patent descriptions/images in public domain? Why did Abraham banish Ishmael (Genesis 21:14). First, the emphasis of Hebrews 11 is on faith. Conclusion But at the point of Abrams call, he was a man whose faith was meager; real, but meager. Map of Ancient Mesoptomia (Courtesy israel-a-history-of.com). Abraham was 75 years old when his father, Terah, passed away at 205 years of age as indicated in the book of Genesis. Did Abraham receive two messages, one when he left Ur with his father Terah & the other when he left Haran with Lot?. Historians share that the father of Serug was Reu. 131 The city of Ur on the lower Euphrates River was a large population center, and has yielded extensive information in the royal tombs which were excavated under the direction of Sir Leonard Wooley and the sponsorship of the British Museum and the museum of Pennsylvania University. ), or of "Elohim," and the "angel of Elohim" (Genesis 21:17; Genesis 31:11, etc. The lesson we may need to learn is this: very often the way God would have us go is the most sensible way that we would have chosen anyhow. The surroundings were comfortable in the civilised city of Ur, so Terah may have been reluctant to leave. But here are a few possibilities. It gives some background on the people in the family, interesting little tidbits about the individuals and events that occurred. God also appeared to Moses at the time of his call (Exodus 3:2, etc.). And as all our texts agree in the numbers here involved, it is obvious that the same adjustment of years has in this case to be made, whatever system of chronology is adopted. It could be that they left in obedience to the call of God, which we read more of in Genesis 12. There are ample evidences of elaborate wealth, skilled craftsmanship, and advanced technology and science.131 All of this tells us something of the city which Abram was commanded to leave. All of this should remind us of the objections and obstacles which must have been in the mind of Abram when the call of God came. Then came he out of the land of the Chaldeans and dwelt in Charran; and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell" Acts 7:2-4. they came unto Harantwo days' journey south-southeast from Ur, on the direct road to the ford of the Euphrates at Rakka, the nearest and most convenient route to Palestine. I do not find such people in the Bible. The early history consists of three stages, which are indicated by the three patriarchs, peculiarly so called, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; and in the sons of Jacob the unity of the chosen family was expanded into the twelve immediate fathers of the nation. All rights reserved. God promised Abram a great name (what the people of Babel sought, 11:4) as a result of leaving Ur, leaving the security of his relatives, and trusting only in God. As such, it would have been an act flowing from faith. So he may have found a blossoming trade in Haran. Rather than thinking of a new land and a new life, most of us would have been thinking in terms of a rocking chair and a rest home. God was therein posing to Abe the idea of rejecting Terah as unworthy of Abe's full evangelistic effort. To this hope our Lord, the Messiah, spoke, Your father Abraham rejoiced to see My day; and he saw it, and was glad (John 8:56). (Antiqu. One year? The site of the great city was first discovered in 1854, and has since that time been excavated, revealing much about life in the times of Abram.130 While the actual period that Abram lived in Ur may be a matter of discussion, we can say with certainty that Ur was justified in its boast of being a highly developed civilization. This is the reason why we have placed one hundred and thirty (seventy and sixty), in the genealogical table opposite Terah, because the line of descent is not traced through Haran, who was born when he was seventy, but through Abram, who by plain inference was born when he was one hundred and thirty years old. Such was true in Abrams 1ife.139 Such is the case with every believer. But we know from Stephens words that the call came to Abram at Ur (Acts 7:2). Filial piety, no doubt, kept Abram watching over the last days of his venerable parents, who probably still cling to the fond hope of reaching the land of his adoption. 2 And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran, 3 And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall show thee. Terah received instructions from God to leave Ur of the Chaldees and go into the land of Canaan. 32 Terah lived 205 years, and he died in Haran. Abrams life is a growth in faith developed under delayed fulfillment of divine promises. So far as we can tell, then, Terah was an idolater, like those of his days. ), which were repeated throughout the whole of the Old Testament, and even occurred, though only in vision, in the case of the prophet Zechariah. God called him to leave that city and to exchange his townhouse for a tent. We will examine these, first of all, for the purpose of obtaining a clear conception of the form in which the Angel of Jehovah appeared. Do what God tells you to do in the most sensible way you know how. "They came to Haran and dwelt there." As a perfectly new beginning, therefore, the patriarchal history assumed the form of a family history, in which the grace of God prepared the ground for the coming Israel. For unknown reasons, Terah never made it to their destination but stopped and settled in Harran instead. How to draw a truncated hexagonal tiling? The command of God to Abram was in conjunction with an appearance of God.134 While Moses mentioned only an appearance of God after Abram was in the land (12:7), Stephen informs us that God appeared to Abram while in Ur (Acts 7:2). Genesis 11:31 tells us that Ter'ah took Abraham, Lot, and Sarai, and began the journey to Canaan, perhaps out of grief for the loss of his son Haran, but certainly before the call on Abraham. When he is promised a land, and when that land is not given, he must look beyond the promise to its Maker so that he may understand. Did God give an oath to Isaac as alluded in Psalms 105:8-10? Terah, it seems, decided to stay in the northern Mesopotamian "city of Haran," (no connection with his son Haran) rather than continue the journey to Canaan, which was the family's original intent. As we will see next week, the Lord in His grace reached into a family that did not know Him and called Abram out to create a people devoted to Himself. He quoted the shopworn saying, God said it. "A faith, which laid hold of the word of promise, and on the strength of that word gave up the visible and present for the invisible and future, was the fundamental characteristic of the patriarchs" (Delitzsch). Pharsal. Still, there may have been some tradition in the family, or knowledge handed down from patriarchal times, which made them look upon Canaan as their land of hope; and the expedition of Amraphel, king of Shinar, and others against the south of Palestine, recorded in Genesis 14:1-16, and confirmed by our large present knowledge of these popular movements, shows that we must not assume that, far removed from one another as were Babylonia and Canaan, therefore they were lands mutually unknown. The second promise of the Abrahamic Covenant was that of a great nation coming from Abram. Did Abraham meet Jacob as alluded in Hebrews 11:9? Who the messenger or angel of Jehovah was, must be determined in each particular instance from the connection of the passage; and where the context furnishes no criterion, it must remain undecided. Terah is identified as the person who arranged and led the family to embark on a mysterious journey to Canaan. God commanded Terah to leave Ur of Chaldees for the land of Canaan in Genesis 11:31. b. Now Abram was one hundred years old when Isaac was born, and consequently the call was given when he was seventy years of age - about five years before he entered the land of Kenaan Genesis 12:4. At both Shechem and Bethel he built altars, like Abram, his grandfather (33:20; 35:7). Having said this, I do not wish to glorify Abrams faith either, for as we shall see, it was initially very weak. Additionally, we can conjecture that he was born sometime during the 20th century BCE and dwelt in the land of Ur, commonly referred to as Ur III by historians. The Hebrew word for "served" can also mean to "work," hence the tradition that Terah was a craftsman who made idols. in 1971. God was going to make a new nation, not merely revise an existing one. Ur was in the southern part of Mesopotamia, and was the starting point for Abraham's journey to Canaan. Terah died in Haran (Genesis 11:32), so Abraham was free to follow that call. They lived in a city called Ur . The final promise was that of blessingblessing for him, and blessing through him. Terah ends up dying in Haran. This seems to be upheld by Scripture: "This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: 'Long ago your ancestors, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor, lived beyond the Euphrates River and served other gods'" (Josh 24:2). But does such a claim contradict the words of Scripture? If God therefore would fulfil His promise, no more to smite the earth with the curse of the destruction of every living thing because of the sin of man (Genesis 8:21-22), and yet would prevent the moral corruption which worketh death from sweeping all before it; it was necessary that by the side of these self-formed nations He should form a nation for Himself, to be the recipient and preserver of His salvation, and that in opposition to the rising kingdoms of the world He should establish a kingdom for the living, saving fellowship of man with Himself. He said in his comments on Genesis 12:7. He came in the same form to Gideon, and sat under the terebinth at Ophrah with a staff in His hand (Judges 6:11 and Judges 6:21); also to Manoah's wife, for she took Him to be a man of God, i.e., a prophet, whose appearance was like that of the Angel of Jehovah (Judges 13:6); and lastly, to Manoah himself, who did not recognise Him at first, but discovered afterwards, from the miracle which He wrought before his eyes, and from His miraculous ascent in the flame of the altar, that He was the Angel of Jehovah (Judges 13:9-20). Abe passed God's first personal test. Cassuto concludes that Abrams journey unknowingly outlined the territory which would belong to Israel, and that the places he stopped symbolically forecast the future conquest of the land.137 In an additional comment, Cassuto adds the fact that these places were also religious centers of Canaanite worship.138 In effect, Abrams actions of building altars and proclaiming the name of the Lord prophesied the coming time when true religious worship would overcome the pagan religion of the Canaanites. (Note: In the old Jewish synagogue the Angel of Jehovah was regarded as the Shechinah, the indwelling of God in the world, i.e., the only Mediator between God and the world, who bears in the Jewish theology the name Metatron. Terah's Descendants. - Thus, walking in faith, the patriarchs were types of faith for all the families that should spring from them, and be blessed through them, and ancestors of a nation which God had resolved to form according to the election of His grace. The dispersion of the descendants of the sons of Noah, who had now grown into numerous families, was necessarily followed on the one hand by the rise of a variety of nations, differing in language, manners, and customs, and more and more estranged from one another; and on the other by the expansion of the germs of idolatry, contained in the different attitudes of these nations towards God, into the polytheistic religions of heathenism, in which the glory of the immortal God was changed into an image made like to mortal man, and to birds, and four-footed beasts, and creeping things (Romans 1:23 cf. The first eleven chapters have often been called primeval history. The last chapters are known as patriarchal history. While the effect of mans sin has become increasingly widespread, the fulfillment of the promise of God in Genesis 3:15 has become more selective. . Terah started out well (11:31), journeyed about four months, probably stopped at Babylon and then did something very strange. Why was Abraham promised land that belonged to others (Genesis 12)? Without it we are inclined to think that the call of Abram came at Haran, rather than at Ur. Is quantile regression a maximum likelihood method? Hence, Abram is placed first in the list of Terah's sons, simply on account of his personal pre-eminence as the father of the faithful and the ancestor of the promised seed; he and his brother Nahor are both much younger than Haran, are married only after his death, and one of them to his grown-up daughter Milkah; and he and his nephew Lot are meet companions in age as well as in spirit. 5.) God sent His Son, Jesus Christ, the One Abram looked for in the future, to die on the cross to suffer the penalty for mans sin. While not all Bible students agree on the location of Ur,129 most agree that it is the Ur of southern Mesopotamia, on what used to be the coast of the Persian Gulf. The surroundings were comfortable in the civilised city of Ur, so Terah may have been reluctant to leave. The appearances of the angel of Jehovah (or Elohim) cannot have been essentially different from those of Jehovah (or Elohim) Himself; for Jacob describes the appearances of Jehovah at Bethel (Genesis 28:13.) This faith Abram manifested and sustained by great sacrifices, by enduring patience, and by self-denying by great sacrifices, by enduring patience, and by self-denying obedience of such a kind, that he thereby became the father of believers ( , Romans 4:11). Had Abrams spiritual life depended solely upon his faithfulness, the story of Abram would have ended very quickly. Our permanent home is not to be found in this world, but in the one that is to come, in the presence of our Lord (cf. In Galatians chapter 3 Paul wrote that Christians are the sons of Abraham by faith, and therefore, rightful heirs to the blessings promised him (Galatians 3:7,9). Is this inconsistent with the words of the writer to the Hebrews? Vos, Genesis and Archaeology, pp. Did Terah go to Canaan because God spoke to Abram?". Having called Abram, it was God Who providentially brought Abram to the point of leaving home and homeland and entering Canaan. I see Terah took Abram, Lot & Sarai to go to Canaan, & died on route in Haran, seemingly before God spoke to Abram to leave his country. Beside this, we frequently read of appearances of the "angel of Jehovah" (Genesis 16:7; Genesis 22:11, etc. The first time that God told this to Abe, it was God's way of provoking Abe to "get real" about Terah's idolatry. From Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament. Gen 12:1 it gives some background on the people to leave Ur of Chaldees for the land of.... For help, clarification why did terah leave ur or of `` Elohim, '' and the `` of! 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